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Definition
| evaluation of cardiac nonstress (NST), fetal breathing movement (FBM), gross fetal body movements (FM), fetal tone (FT), amniotic fluid volume (AFV) |
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| commonly defined as a fetal weight at or below 10% for a given gestational age |
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| describes the fetus with a weight below the 10th percentile |
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| weight below the 10th percentile as a result of pathologic process from a variety of maternal, fetal or placental disorders |
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| IUGR that results form a 1st trimester disorder (chromosomal/infection) |
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| IUGR that begins late in the 2/3rd trimester from placental insufficiency |
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| IUGR that is caused by low genetic growth potential, intrauterine infection, severe maternal malnutrition, fetal alcohol syndrome, chromosomal anomalies, severe congental anomalies |
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| Asymmetric/symmetric is the more common form |
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| placental insufficency, maternal disease (diabetes), chronic hypertension, cardaic/renal disease, abruptio placentae, multiple pregnancy, smoking, poor weight gain, drug useage, uterine anomaly |
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| Asymmetric has an appropriate ? and ? but a small ? |
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Definition
| BPD and HC but a small AC |
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| ? ? effect is where the last organ to be deproved of essential nutrients is the brain |
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| Long FL (90+ percentile) and small AC (below 5th) |
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| ? is a poor decision of gestational age |
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| ? and ? are useful in diffentiating symmetric and asymmetric IUGR |
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| the HC to AC ratio should ? as the gestational age increases |
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| in the presence of IUGR, the ratio ? |
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| the AC to HC ratio is not useful in predicting ? IUGR |
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| an EFW below the 10th percentile is considered to be ? |
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| evaluating and quantifying amniotic fluid volume into 4 equal compartments |
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| AFI takes the largerst horizontal/vertical pocted and adds them all up (sum) |
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| oligohydramnios occus if the fetus can't ? |
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| polyhydramnios occurs if the fetus can't ? |
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| an amniotic fluid pocket less than ?-? cm may represent IUGR |
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less than 5cm =
more than 22 cm = |
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Definition
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| FBM has ? seconds continuous during a ? min exam |
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| FM at least ? discrete body or limb movements in ? mins unprovoked. |
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| how long does the baby have to perform a BPP task? |
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| receiving a 0 is characteristic of ? and receiving a 2 is characteristic of ? |
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A score of ?-? is considered normal
A score of ?-? is considered no immediate significance
A score of ?-? indicates immediate delivery or extending the test to 120 mins |
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Definition
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| what is normal fetal tone? |
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Definition
| one episode of active extension and flexion of limbs or trunk |
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| 2 episodes of fetal heart rate of ? bpm and at least ? sec duration in a ? min period |
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Definition
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| one packet of amniotic fluid at least ? cm in two perpendicular planes or AFI total fluid between ?-? |
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| premature aging of the placenta is a grade ? |
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| premature aging of the placenta may lead to oligo/poly? |
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| NST is done using Doppler to record fetal heart rate in a ? min duration |
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| the fetal tone center dev'ps at ?-? wks? |
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| fetal mov't center dev'ps at ? wks |
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| diaphragmatic motion dev'ps by ?-? wks |
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| 2 -- one constantly sends and the other receives |
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| what transducer is not depth dependant? |
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| Quantitative/Qualitative Doppler flow measurements include blood flow and velocity |
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| Quantitative/Qualitative Doppler look at the characterists of the waveform that approximate flow and resistance to flow |
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| Quantitative/Qualitative include systolic/diastolid, RI and PI |
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| maximum systolic velocity - diastolic velocity/systolic velocity |
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Definition
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| maximum systoic velocty / diastoic velocity |
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Definition
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| maximum systolic velocity - diastolic velocity/ mean velocity |
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Definition
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| time from beginning of systole to peak systole |
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Definition
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| time from peak systole to the end of diastole |
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Definition
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| the maternal uternie artery S/D ratio should be below ? |
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| a ratio above 2.6 for maternal uterine artery S/D ratio indicates increased/decreased maternal blood supply to the uterus |
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| birth weight of >4000 g or above the 90th percentile |
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| ? are 1.2 - 2x more likely with multiparous, 35+, mom >154 lbs prebaby, PI upper 10%, 44+ lbs while prego, postdate prego, hx of LGA fetus |
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Definition
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| macrosomia can be a common result from poorly controlled maternal ? |
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| mechanical macrosomia where fetuses that are generally large result from what ? |
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| mechanical macrosomia where fetuses are generally large with especially large shoulders are caused by what |
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| mechanical macrosomia where fetuses have normal trunk but a large head results from ? |
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Definition
| genetic/pathogenic process |
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| the AC in macrosomia increase by ? cm per week |
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| The ? and ? are indeses to directly measure fat |
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| PI and skin fold thickness |
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| ? has been described as a useful parameter in detecting LGA fetuses |
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| how do you calculate a macrosomic index? |
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| ? have been associated with open neural tube defects |
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| placental thickness greater than ? cm is considered thick |
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| asymmertic growth has ? head and ? body |
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Definition
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| what is the number one reason for symmetric growth restriction |
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Definition
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| what is a way to determine placental insufficency |
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Definition
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| what are common vessels we doppler relating to the fetus? |
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Definition
1. umbilical a
2. middle cerebral a. |
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| AFI is always taken in long/trans |
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Definition
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| are BPP assessments done before 20 wks |
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Definition
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| PI's are mainly done to assess ? |
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Definition
| venous exams (carotids, legs) |
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| RI's are done during what exam |
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Definition
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| S/D ratios are done to evaluate ? |
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Definition
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| in an S/D ratio, should the diastolic waveform be above/below the baseline |
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Definition
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| the umbilical artery should have a high/low peak systolic and a high/low diastolic velocity |
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| the normal middle cerebral artery should have a high/low diastolic and look like the ICA/ECA |
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| it is normal to have a high diastolic waveform in the middle cerebral artery |
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Definition
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| S/D ratio higher than 3.0 post 30 weeks = normal/abnormal |
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Definition
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| the material uterine artery should be <> 2.6 |
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Definition
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| IUGR will have an icreased/decreased fundal height |
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Definition
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