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Federalism Ch.7 A.P.
A.P. Government- Mrs. Briggs
24
Political Studies
12th Grade
03/16/2010

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Term
delegated powers
Definition
expressed, or enumerated powers, those specifically given to the national government
Term
implied powers
Definition
although not expressed, powers that may be reasonably inferred from the Constitution
Term
inherent powers
Definition
powers that exist for the national government because the government is sovereign
Term
concurrent powers
Definition
powers that belong to both the national and state governments
Term
reserved powers
Definition
powers belonging specifically to the state because they were neither delegated to the national government nor denied to the states
Term
prohibited powers
Definition
powers that are denied to the national government, state governments, or both
Term
full faith and credit clause
Definition
states are required to recognize the laws of other states
Term
priveleges and immunities clause
Definition
states are prohibited from discriminating against residents of other states.
Term
advantages of federalism
Definition
good for large area, avoids power concentration, accomadated already existing state governments
Term
Disadvantages of federalism
Definition
inflexible, too complex, duplication of offices, authority conflicts
Term
extradition
Definition
states return fugitives to the state from which they have fled
Term
interstate compact
Definition
states make agreements to work together to solve regional problems
Term
Supremacy Clause
Definition
U.S. Constitution holds the supreme law
Term
McCulloch v. Maryland
Definition
upheld supremacy of Supreme Court; national government can create a bank base on the necessary and proper clause
Term
Gibbons v. Ogden
Definition
expanded Congressional power over interstate commerce
Term
dual federalism
Definition
national and state governments remain supreme within their own sphere of influence; "layer cake federalism"
Term
cooperative federalism
Definition
national and state governments cooperate; "marble cake federalism"
Term
devolution
Definition
transfer of power to political subunits; the goal of the new federalism
Term
fiscal federalism
Definition
national government spending, taxation, and grants provided to the state and local governments
Term
grants-in-aid
Definition
money and resources given to state and local governments to be used for specific projects
Term
categorical grants
Definition
grants that have a specific purpose defined by law
Term
block grants
Definition
grants that can be used for a variety of purposes; generic grants
Term
revenue sharing
Definition
money for any project, but can not exceed more than two percent of revenues
Term
mandates
Definition
requirements, sometime unfunded
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