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FCAT Science 2.0 8th Grade Review
These are FCAT spec questions to help study with Gr8 FCAT Science
15
Science
8th Grade
03/12/2014

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

1. What is an independent (test) variable?

 

2.  What is a dependent (outcome) variable?

Definition

1.The one thing that the experimentor made different.

 

2.  What is being measured in the experiment.

Example 

[image]

Term
What is the difference between replication & repetition?
Definition

Replication = another scientist doing the same experiment

 

Repetition = multiple trials 


Sample

[image]

Term
Why should scientific investigations be replicable?
Definition

To make sure results are accurate and accepted by others.

sample

 [image]

Term
What are the best methods used to get scientific explantions in biology, geology, and physics?
Definition

Scientific models, simulators, and observations are the best methods because they allow you to see things that you nomally can't. 

Sample

[image]

Term
What are the benefits and limitations of using scientific models?
Definition
  • Benefits - you can see things in 3D and you can make them larger than normal.
  • Limitations - some things aren't to scale & don't show movement

Sample

[image]

Term
When can scientific knowledge change?
Definition

With new evidence, new technology, new information, or new research.

sample

Over a hundred years ago, John Dalton proposed a model of the atom. In his model, the atom was a solid sphere. Scientific models of atoms have changed many times since Dalton’s original model. What is the best explanation for these changes to the atom’s model? 

A. Modern society demands more accuracy in science. 

B. Computer-generated art increases scientists’ artistic skills. 

♦C. New information allows scientists to modify earlier ideas. 

D. Scientists are more open to changing ideas than in the past

Term
What is the difference between a theory and a law?
Definition

A theory is a well supported and widely accepted explanation of how something works.


A law is a well tested description of what happens in nature.


Sample

Why is the concept of universal gravitation considered by scientists to be a law and not a theory?

A. It began as a theory, but as evidence for it mounted it became a law.
B. It was described very early in the history of science, before theories were developed.
C. It is so widely accepted that it would be unwise not to go along with it.
[image]D.It provides a description of a natural event, not an explanation of the event, so it is considered a law. 


Term
When can a theory be changed?
Definition

With new information or evidence.

(They are rarely thrown out)


Sample

[image]

Term
What is the order of the astronomical objects in terms of size?
Definition

Universe (largest)

Galaxy

Solar system

Sun

Planets

Dwarf Planets

Moons

comets (Smallest)


sample

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between astronomical bodies in outer space?

A. Mars is larger than Earth.
B. The Milky Way is much larger than our Solar System
C. The Moon is further away from the Sun than the asteroid belt
D. The orbits of planets are greater than the orbits of the satellites

 

Term
What are the physical properties of stars?
Definition

apparent magnitude - how bright a stars seems in sky because of the distance from Earth.

temperature - determined by the color of the star

size - based on the radius

absolute brightness - the amount of light the star gives off

sample

 

One physical property of a star is apparent magnitude. Which of the following is used in determining the apparent magnitude of a star? 

A. the constellation the star is in 

B. the distance the star is from Earth 

C. the number of times the star rotates 

D. the number of prominences the star makes  

 

Term
What are some features of the sun?
Definition

sunspots - lower temperature darker areas

prominences - loops of gases 

solar flares - explosions of gas 

the sun rotates (each layers moves at different speeds)

sample 


Cara is building a model of the solar system, which includes a written description of the Sun. In order for her model to be realistic, which of the following should she include in her representation of the Sun?


A. She should show that sunspots can be seen as white areas on the Sun's surface.
B. She should explain that the Sun is made up of gaseous layers that surround an iron core.
C. She should show that the Sun revolves around the planets, determining the length of year.
D. She should explain that the Sun rotates, even though different parts rotate at different rates.

 



Term
What are some historical models of the solar system?
Definition

Geocentric model = Earth in the center of solar system

Heliocentric model = the sun in the center of solar sytem

 Sample

[image]

Term
What is the universal law of gravity?
Definition

The bigger the mass the more gravity.  Also objects that are closer have more gravitational effect on each other. 

Sample

Jupiter is the largest planet in our Solar System: it has as much mass as about 300 Earths! Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth and has about the same about of mass as the Earth. How would Jupiter's gravity compare to that of Venus?

  1. Venus is closer to the Sun, so Venus has more gravity than Jupiter.
  2. Jupiter is more massive than Venus, so Jupiter has more gravity. [image]
  3. Venus is more compact than Jupiter, so Venus has more gravity.
  4. Jupiter is farther from the Sun than Venus, so Jupiter has more gravity.
Term
What causes tides on the earth?
Definition

The moon's (& the Sun's) gravitational pull. Also if they are in a straight line, it causes Spring tides

Sample question

Charlotte's class is learning about the movements of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon. They discover that different phenomena result when the relative positions of Earth, the Sun, and the Moon change. Which of the following happens when the Sun, the Moon, and Earth are lined up in a straight line?

A.Seasons on Earth last longer than normal.

B. The shape of Earth's orbit around the Sun changes.
C. Earth experiences higher high tides and lower low tides.
D. Gravity from both Earth and the Sun prevents the Moon from rotating.

Term
What causes the Seasons on Earth?
Definition
The tilt of the earth axis!   (
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