Name appropriate Theory as well

Detriangulation

Bowenian

Process the therapist uses in order to dissolve dysfunctional trianges and reduce fusion

Name appropriate Theory as well

Process Questions

Bowenian

• Explores family emotional processes and are designed to decrease reactive anxiety
• Help people think rationally about their siutation
• Emphasize personal responsibility

Name appropriate Theory as well

Supporting Differentiation

Bowenian

• Involves focusing on family member who is most moitavted to work toward differentiation
• Done to effect change in the larger family system

Name appropriate Theory as well

Going Home Again

Bowenian

Encourages clients to go home and re-experience their nuclear family without emotional reactivity

Name appropriate Theory as well

Displacement Stories

Bowenian

Stories about other families with similar problems that therapists share with clients in order to help the family gain a clearer understanding of its own process

Name appropriate Theory as well

Coaching

Bowenian

Therapist works as the coach in regard to teaching families about the family process

Name appropriate Theory as well

Family Mapping

Structural

Observations made by the therapist to determine how the family's boundaries, hierarchy, and other structural features are related to the presenting problem

Name appropriate Theory as well

Enactments

Structural

• Therapist observes each client in the here and now while interacting, responding, and behaving in a normal matter
• Therapist can then intervene and redirect the interactions

Name appropriate Theory as well

Reframing

Structural

Therapist modifies and reframes the presenting problem in relational terms to establish a more effective framing and a more constructive perspective

Name appropriate Theory as well

Affective Intensity

Structural

Vivid and intense messages that highlight covert coalitions in such a way that gets the family to see it for themselves

Name appropriate Theory as well

Shaping Competence

Structural

• Highlighting the positive, strengths, and progress in a family
• Applied to alter direction of interaction rather than to criticize

Name appropriate Theory as well

Unbalancing

Structural

altering the hierarchical relationship of the members of a subsystem by temporarly taking sides with individual in lower hierarchicial position in family

Name appropriate Theory as well

Directives

Strategic

assignments to be performed inside and outside the therapy session focused around communication in the present

Can be genuine or paradoxical

Name appropriate Theory as well

Metaphoric Task

Strategic

• Directive in which family engages in a conversation or an activity that is not about the problem
• Change happens because of the symbolism and the content

Name appropriate Theory as well

Paradoxical Injunction

Strategic

Therapist instructs the client to continue with symptomatic behavior in order to avoid a greater problem or for a reason consistent with family's concerns

Name appropriate Theory as well

Ordeal Therapy

Strategic

Alleviates the symptom by making it more trouble to maintain the symptom than to give it up

Name appropriate Theory as well

Pretend Techniques

Strategic

Involve asking symptom bearers to "pretend" to have the symptom (or enact feared situation) and have other family members respond in session

(this is a paradoxical technique)

Name appropriate Theory as well

Family Sculpting/Choreography

Satir-Experiential

• family members silently place each person in a position that symbolizes their role in the family system from the sculptor's perspective: family shares thoughts and feelings about placements
• Applied to assist in shifting dysfunctional patterns to more adaptive and supportive relationships/interactions

Name appropriate Theory as well

Temperature Reading

Satir-Experiential

• Explores thoughts and feelings while improving communication and self worth.
• Individuals and/or family share specific information about hopes and wishes to appreciations and excitements
• can then see each member's "temperature" and opens up communication and encourages support

Name appropriate Theory as well

Expanding Distress to Include Each Member

Whitaker-Experiential

• This shifts the tension and axiety to encourage cohesion, avoid blaming, and demands a group solution
• forces members to break from covert ultimatums

Name appropriate Theory as well

Fantasy Alternatives

Whitaker-Experiential

• actual situations are dicussed in fantasy or "what if" terms, thus breaching silence taboo
• used to de-emphasize stressful events by suggesting absurd family alternatives

Name appropriate Theory as well

Affective Confrontation

Whitaker-Experiential

Therapist confronts family with the therapist's subjective emotional experience of workign with the family (similar to affective intensity (structural))

Name appropriate Theory as well

"Craziness", Play, and Humor

Whitaker-Experiential

• since the irrational/crazy side of a person promotes change, these interactions are used to discover solutions and promote growth
• can take the form of play, humor, drama, or whatever works for the family