Term
| Structural-Functional Theory |
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Definition
| Family is a social institution that performs certain essential functions for society |
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Definition
| men are privileged relative to women, gender roles constructed by society, inequality exists and should be eliminated |
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Definition
| interplay of nature and nurture and interrelationship of family and larger environments (getting someone to recycle) Environment influences fam) |
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Term
| Family Life Course Development Theory |
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Definition
fam is unit of analysis and changes in predictable ways over time (non-normative poses problems)
ex. developing bedtime routine |
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Term
| Symbolic Interactionist Theory |
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Definition
| how individs interact w/one another and can learn morals/values from kin |
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Term
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Definition
people use resources to bargain and secure advantage in r-ships, based on cost/benefit, rational thinking
non emotional
burning building |
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Definition
| groups struggle for power, compete for resources, society=widespread inequality causes fam problems..haves vs have nots... |
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Definition
| functioning unit that solves problems, achieves collective goals, equilibrium, restore family to what it was in past (when someone dies, adapt to survive) |
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Definition
| human behavior has evolved over time for survival purposes and behaviors are difficult to change |
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Definition
General to Specific
kids will do better if mad parents divorce |
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Definition
Specific to General
ex House |
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Term
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Definition
| can't track change but rarely have missing info. ex/ survey |
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Definition
| tracks change, multiple points of view, but some people drop out. phenonmena changes as result of participating in study |
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Definition
kids learn gender roles through socializing agents ( parents, schools, media) differential reinforcement= rewards & punishments
little boy ignoring girls on playground |
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Term
| functional family physical characteristics |
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Definition
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Term
| fcnl family relational characteristics |
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Definition
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Term
| dysfunctional family characteristics |
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Definition
| homeless, unsanitary, no food/poor nutrtition, abuse, living in fear |
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Term
| resilient family characteristics |
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Definition
| support (psych and physical) rituals, celebrations, vision, love |
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Term
| Aging of America is due to |
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Definition
| increased longevity, decreased fertility, baby boomers |
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Term
| 4 main reasons dynamics of family are changing |
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Definition
high divorce rates
mother working
one parent household
young adults postponing marriage |
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Term
| in 2009 ratio of people born outside US was |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 perspectives on Changing Family |
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Definition
1. Family is deteriorating
2. Family isn't deteriorating, just changing
3. Family is stronger than ever |
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Term
| 3 types of African American Family Structure |
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Definition
1. Traditional similar to middle class white
2. Matriarchial patterns
3.those of mix race, isolated from mainstream |
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Term
| 70% now compared to 78% in 1970 of Latino children live in |
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Definition
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Term
| Couples are more likely to divorce and more children out of wedlock in the ethnicity ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| 11% _____ and ___ have 6 or more members compared to 5% nationally |
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Definition
| Asian American and Pacific Islanders |
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Term
| Asian American families are more likely to include |
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Definition
| extended rather than only nuclear |
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Term
| Female headed homes are very rare in |
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Definition
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Term
| Strengths of Latino Families |
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Definition
-resilient & adaptive
-networks protect health & emotional well being
-internal resources in coping |
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Term
Cognitive Development Theory
(self identification theory) |
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Definition
| awareness of being boy/girl (self categorization at age 4) AND identifying and adopting behavior appropriate for each sex |
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Term
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Definition
| kids develop framework of knowledge about appropriate gender behavior and schemas & change over time w/dvlpmnt |
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Term
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Definition
| language, behavior, differential rewards & punishments |
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Term
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Definition
interviews face to face, questionnaires
pro: no missing data
con: cant track change |
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Term
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Definition
random assignment, pre-test/post-test,
pro: correlations and causations
con: results are artificial situations |
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Term
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Definition
naturalistic observation, immersed
con: ppl may not want you there, culture shock |
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Term
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Definition
historical, cross cultural data, & non human data
ex/ looking at presidents language in speeches |
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Term
| Problems with generalizability |
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Definition
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Term
| problems with causal interpretation of a correlation |
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Definition
| the two are associated but one doesn't cause the other |
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Term
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Definition
1. Theoretical Perspectives
2. Theoretical Approaches
3. Theoretical Framework |
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Term
| Michael Johnson's Feminist Perspective |
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Definition
men are privileged to women
-thats not right
-gonna do something about it |
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Term
| Bronfenbrenner is associated with what theory? |
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Definition
Family Ecology Theory
-each person connected to different environments
-dvlpmntl psych is science of strange behavior in strange situations |
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Term
| Demographic Changes of Population due to 3 factors |
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Definition
growth of immigrant population
Aging of America
Overall decreased fertility rates |
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Term
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Definition
eros- erotic, passionate
ludus- game play
mania-psycho
storge- companion, bff
pragma- compatible
agape- unselfish concern for one's needs |
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Term
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Definition
1. secure- sensitive and dependable
2. anxious/ambivalent- inconsistent care, needy, unsure
3. Avoidant- rejecting care, detachment |
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Term
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Definition
forms by marriage and having/adopting a child
lots of choices (spouse, location, values) |
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Term
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Definition
| little or no choice of those in your family |
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Term
| Family of Creation consist of |
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Definition
fictive kin that aren't based on love or relationship but close ties
(sorority sisters, social networks, friends, "auntie" lisa medeiros) |
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Term
| Whose fertility rates are higher? single women in 20s or teens? |
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Definition
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Term
| social desirability effect |
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Definition
| participants change their answers to present themselves in more positive light |
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Term
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Definition
| interviewee changes their answer because of specific person who is asking questions |
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Term
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Definition
| phenomena being studied changes as a result of being in the study over time |
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Term
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Definition
| anytime the researcher is looking at more qualitative data, more likely for researcher to input their opinion/bias |
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Term
| how do teachers influence gender roles? |
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Definition
attention, encouragement
more likely to tell boys to not give up until answer is found, higher problem solving |
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Term
| how do parents influence gender roles? |
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Definition
dress, styles of play and care
dads play rougher with boys, girls are held tighter |
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Term
| how do peers influence gender roles? |
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Definition
games, inclusion/exclusion
boys club |
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Term
| How does media influence gender roles? |
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Definition
all disney princesses wear frilly dresses and all boys are masculine heroes
commercials- voice of authority is dominantly male |
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Term
| What are the 4 routes to attraction? |
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Definition
| proximity, physical attractiveness, reciprocity, similarity |
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Term
| why do we like those who are nearby? 3 reasons |
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Definition
1. convenient
2. easier to enjoy rewards
3. close is rewardings, distance is costly |
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Term
| Moreland and Beach Study showed |
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Definition
| the more women came to class the higher rating the girls got even though the others didnt know them. |
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Term
| Physical Attractiveness gets you |
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Definition
1. more promotions
2. higher salary
3. attractive professors get better student evaluations
ppl often associate beauty with talent and beauty with openness to sexuality |
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Term
| people often link beauty to ___ and ___ |
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Definition
| talent and openness to sexuality |
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Term
| desirable waist to hip ratio |
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Definition
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Term
| desirable shoulder to hip ratio for men |
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Definition
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Term
| high self monitoring people care more about |
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Definition
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Term
| Reciprocity movie/booth study |
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Definition
| men are more likely to ask out a girl only if they think she'll say yes.. |
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Term
| when it comes to attraction we (4) |
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Definition
1. like those who like us
2. like those who ARE like us
3. like those who are lovely
4. like those who are near us |
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Term
| Similarity is attractive because |
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Definition
| its rewarding to know that others share our interest |
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Term
| Zick Rubin's liking scale |
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Definition
| LIKING- more rational feelings of adjustment, maturity, intelligence |
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Term
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Definition
| Love-less rational, more emotional feelings of attachment, caring and intimacy |
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Term
| Rubin's 4 feelings associated with love |
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Definition
1.caring for the other
2. needing the other-wanting to be in their presence
3. trusting the other-sharing confidentials
4. tolerating the other- accepting their faults |
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Term
| Ainsworth's Strange Situation |
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Definition
mom leaves baby in a room, stranger comes in, mom comes back
testing attachment styles |
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Term
| Sternberg's triangle theory of love consists of |
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Definition
1. intimacy
2. passion
3. decision/commitment |
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Term
| short term decision of commitment means |
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Definition
| partners make decision to love eachother |
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Term
| long term commitment means |
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Definition
| decision to maintain love over time |
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Term
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Definition
| dependable, reliable, self-confidence, relatively easy to get close to others |
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Term
| Anxious/ambivalent attachment style |
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Definition
| inconsistent care, needy, feel partners don't commit as much as they do, falls in love easily/all the time |
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Term
| avoidant attachment style |
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Definition
| rejecting care, uncomfortable being close to others, detachment, not emotionally involved |
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Term
| Most common love style associated with men |
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Definition
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Term
| most common love styles associated with women |
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Definition
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Term
| most appealing love styles are |
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Definition
| agape (altruistic) and storge (companionate) |
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Term
| sexual satisfaction is more linked to |
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Definition
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Term
| close relationship with mother delays |
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Definition
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Term
| average age of first sexual behavior |
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Definition
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Term
| by age 20 ____% still had not had sex |
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Definition
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Term
| married couples typically have sex |
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Definition
2 times per week
cohabitors 3 times per week |
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Term
| Caryl Rusbult came up with the |
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Definition
| Rusbult's Investment Model |
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Term
| Michael Johnson also came up with |
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Definition
| Johnson's Commitment Framework |
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Term
| Rusbult's definition of commitment |
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Definition
| tendency to maintain a r-ship and to feel psychologically attached to it |
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Term
| Rusbult's 3 pillars of commitment |
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Definition
| Satisfaction, alternatives, and investments |
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Term
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Definition
Comparison Level
(compare our r-ship to expectations, what we deserve) |
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Term
| Satisfaction in commitment is determined by |
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Definition
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Term
| Rusbult's Alternatives involves the |
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Definition
| Comparison Level of alternates, outcomes perceived to be available elsewhere |
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Term
| Rusbult's Investment size is the magnitude of |
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Definition
| direct and indirect investments in relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| tangible items: furniture, vacation, $$$ |
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Term
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Definition
| time, EMOTIONS, self disclosure |
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Term
| Rusbult's Commitment leads to |
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Definition
| accommodation, willing to sacrifice |
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Term
| greater commitment leads to greater |
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Definition
| pro-behavior {diffusing the situation by not responding in destructive ways} |
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Term
| The two dimensions of Johnson's commitment are |
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Definition
Source- internal vs. external
Motivation- choice vs. constraint |
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Term
| 3 different types of johnson commitment are |
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Definition
| personal, moral and structural commitment |
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Term
| the only EXTERNAL source of commitment is |
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Definition
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Term
| when structural commitment is high but personal and moral commitment is low |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
no rewards or punishments but learn gender rules through watching
ex. boy crying and being teased so his friend doesn't cry anymore |
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