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Definition
| the study of feedback mechanisms in self-regulating systems. tha family shares a tendency to maintain stability by using info about its performance as feedback. p55 |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which a system gets the info necessary to maintain a steady course. it includes info about the system's performance relative to its external environment as well as the relationship among the system parts. p55 |
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| indicates that a system is straying off the mark and that corrections are needed to get it back on course. It signals the system to restore the status quo. its error-correcting info gives order and self-control to the body, and brain and to people in their daily lives. p55 |
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| is info that reinforces the direction a system is taking. p55 |
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| if left uncheck, the reinforcing effects of positive feedback tend to compound a system's errors. p56 |
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| cybernetics and family rules |
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Definition
| which govern the range of behavior a family system can tolerate (family homeostatic range) p57 |
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Term
| cybernetics and negative feedback |
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Definition
| mechanisms that families use to enforce those rules p.57 |
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Term
| cybernetics and sequences of family interaction |
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Definition
| a problem that characterize a system's reaction to it feedback loops |
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| cybernetics and positive feedback loops |
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Definition
| what happens when a system's accustomed negative feedback is ineffective. p57 |
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| is one such positive feedback loop; one's apprehension lead to actions that precipitate the feared situation, which in turn justifies one's fears, and so on. |
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| another positive feedback loop; the tendency of a cause to gain support simply b/c of its growing number of adherents. p57 |
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| the essential properties of a system arise from the relationships among the parts; considering families as units. p58 Teaches us to see how people's lives are shaped by their interchanges with those around them. p60 |
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| the self-regulation that keeps systems in a state of dynamic balance. p59 |
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| emphasized that dysfunctional families tendency to resist change p59 |
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Definition
| developed by Austrian Ludwig from extensive research on ecosystem and the body |
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| living organisms demonstrate this concept the ability to reach a final goal in a variety of ways. p59 |
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Term
| Walter Buckley's complex adaptive systems |
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Definition
| systems are open and susceptible to significant changes in the nature of its components themselves with important consequences for the system as a whole. Their feedback loops allow them the self-regulate and self-direct such that the system may modify its structure in order to evolve. p60 |
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Definition
| family systems change when necessary to adapt to new circumstances; to describe this plastic quality of adaptive systems. p60 |
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| Social Constructionism p.60 |
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Definition
| how family members beliefs affect their actions and how cultural forces shape their beliefs. p60 points out that those interpretations are shaped by the social context in which we live. p61 |
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Term
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Definition
| a relavistic point of view that emphasizes the subjective construction of reality. Implies that what we see in families may be base on as much on our preconceptions as on what's actually going on. p60 |
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Term
| George Kelly's personal construct theory |
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Definition
| we make sense of the world by creating our own constructs of the environment. we interpret and organize events and we make predictions that guide our actions on the basis of these constructs. p60 |
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Definition
| relabeling behavior to shift how family members respond to it. p60 |
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Term
| Harry Goolishan Harlene Anderson's collaborative language-based systems |
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Definition
| defined less by what the therapists do than by what they don't do. In this model therapists dont adopt the role of expert, dont assume that they know the families should change and dont push them in any particular direction. p61 |
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