Term
| Inter-nuclear distance of assoiciated helium atoms at ground state |
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Definition
| .14 nm is minimum inter-nuclear distance of helium atoms |
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Term
| inter-nuclear distance of associated hydrogen atoms at ground state |
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Definition
| .07 nm is minimum inter-nuclear distance of hydrogen atoms |
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Term
| width of an RNA/DNA strand |
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Definition
| about 1 nm is width of RNA/DNA strand |
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Term
| width of an unfolded polypeptide |
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Definition
| about 1 nm is width of an unfolded polypeptide |
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Term
| width of a phospholipid bilayer |
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Definition
| 5 to 10 nm is width of phospholipid bilayer |
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Term
| average diameter of globular protein (folded polypeptide) http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Protein_folding_schematic.png |
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Definition
| 5 nm is width of globular protein (folded polypeptide chain) |
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Term
| average diameter of bacterial (prokaroytic) cell |
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Definition
| 1000 nm is average diameter of bacterial (prokaryotic) cell |
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Term
| range of eukaryotic cell size |
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Definition
| eukaryotic cells range from 10,000 nm to 100,000 nm |
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Term
| what group is this, and what is the polarity?https://figures.boundless.com/508c3ffee4b0e81b6cfe49f4/full/aldehyde2.png |
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Definition
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Term
| what group is this, and what is the polarity? http://www.livingintherealworld.net/healthy/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/hydroxylfunctional.png |
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Definition
| hydroxyl group. Polarity is that hydrogen is has positive polarity and oxygen has negative polarity |
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Term
what group is this, and what is the polarity
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carboxylic-acid.svg/150px-Carboxylic-acid.svg.png |
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Definition
| carboxyl group, polarity is that the oxygen bonded to the hydrogen has negative polarity, and the hydrogen has postive polarity |
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Term
| draw ionization of carboxyl group |
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Definition
| http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/biochemistry/carboxyl%20group,%20dissociated.gif |
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Term
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Definition
| https://figures.boundless.com/508c3ffee4b0e81b6cfe49f4/full/aldehyde2.png |
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Term
| draw hydroxyl group with polarity |
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Definition
polarity is that oxygen is negative and hydrogen is polar
http://www.livingintherealworld.net/healthy/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/hydroxylfunctional.png |
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Term
| draw carboxyl group with polarity |
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Definition
polarity is that oxygen bonded to hydrogen is negative, and hydrogen is positive
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carboxylic-acid.svg/150px-Carboxylic-acid.svg.png |
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Term
| what group is this, and what is the polarity?http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Amino-group-primary-2D-flat.png |
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Definition
| this is an amino acid group, polarity is that nitrogen is negative and hydrogen are positive |
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Term
| what happens to an an amino group when it is ionized? |
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Definition
| it gains a hydrogen, and one of it's hydrogens gains a positive charge |
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Term
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Definition
| http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/1%C2%B0-amino-group.png |
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Term
| what group is this and what is the polarity? http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/1%C2%B0-amino-group.png |
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Definition
| this is a phosphate group. It's polarity is that the oxygens with hydrogens are negative, and the hydrogens are positive |
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Term
| draw phosphate group with polarity |
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Definition
polarity is that oxygen connected to hydrogen is negative, and hydrogen is positive
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Phosphate_Group.svg |
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Term
what group is this, and what it the polarity
http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/biochemistry/phosphate%20group,%20ionized.gif |
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Definition
| that is ionized phosphate group |
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Term
| draw a completly ionized phosphate group, with polarity and charge |
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Definition
| http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/biochemistry/phosphate%20group,%20ionized.gif |
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Term
| how many degrees of ionization are possible in inorganic phosphate and how are they achieved? |
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Definition
| degrees of ionization possible for inorganic phosphate are charges of 0, -1, -2, and -3. These charges are acheived by expelling protons (H+) that were bonded to the signle-bonded oxygen |
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Term
| what degree of charge in inorganic phosphate is most common in cells? |
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Definition
| a charge of -2 is most common for inorganic phosphate in cells |
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Term
| where are peptide bonds on a polypeptide molecule |
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Definition
| between carbon with =O group and nitrogen |
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Term
| draw free amino acid and ionized free amino acid |
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Definition
Olek's pictures show the positive charge on amin0 group to be on a H
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Amino_acid_zwitterions.svg/320px-Amino_acid_zwitterions.svg.png |
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Term
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Definition
| when peptide chain end, the nitrogen that would be binded to another carbon instead just has a hydrogen where the next carbon would be. This is the terminus end |
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Term
| draw aspartic acid on free amino group, identify polarity and charge if present |
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Definition
Charge is that single bonded on oxygen on functional group has negative charge
http://www.silverhydra.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Aspartic_Acid.png |
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Term
| draw serine on free amino group, identify polarity and charge if present |
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Definition
polarity is that oxygen on functional group has negative polarity and hydrogen it is bonded to has positive polarity
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Serine.png |
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Term
| draw alanine on free amino group, and identify polarity and charge if present |
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Definition
no polarity or charge
http://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Images/pics/amino_acids/Alanine.gif |
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Term
| numbering functional groups on a polypeptide chain starts from which end |
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Definition
| the numbering starts from the terminus end. so 1 would be the functional group closest to terminus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between Ribose and Deoxyribose |
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Definition
| Deoxyribose has the OH on bonded to the second carbon replaced by a hydrogen http://www.tutorhelpdesk.com/UserFiles/Deoxyribose%20Ribose.jpg |
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Term
| draw ribose and identify polarity |
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Definition
all hydroxyl groups have a negative polar oxygen and a positive polar hydrogen
http://www.daviddarling.info/images/ribose.gif |
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Term
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Definition
| Ribose with adosine bonded to 1st carbon. the molecule from adosine that the 1st carbon bonds to is a nitrogen molecule |
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Term
| what bond (which two atoms) connect ribose with adenosine in ribo-adenosine, AMP, ADP, ATP, etc? |
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Definition
| nitrogen-carbon bond. the carbon is the 1st carbon from ribose. the nitrogen is from adenosine |
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Term
| draw glucose, indicate polarity if present |
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Definition
polarity exists between all single bonded oxygens and hydrogens in the same way as every other molecule shown so far
http://img.tfd.com/mgh/ceb/thumb/Structural-formula-for-x3b1-D-glucose.jpg |
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Term
| what keeps glucose together when it is in solid/crystalline form? |
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Definition
weak, non-covalent forces keep glucose together in solid/crystalline form.
1.Van der waals forces are one of these forces, but not all of them.
2. Another attractive force that exists is that between polar hydroxyl groups |
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Term
| how close do atoms have to be for van der waals forces to work? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| http://www.natuurlijkerwijs.com/english/3db2baa0.gif |
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Term
| when an enzyme binds to a partially excited reactant and conformationally changes to stretch bond, what effect does this have on BDE? |
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Definition
| this conformational change lowers BDE by stretching the bond |
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Term
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Definition
| when an enzyme changes the it's shape to increase the bond length of a reactant to decrease it's BDE |
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Term
| BDE of C-O maltose without induced strain |
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Definition
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Term
| BDE of C-O bond in maltose with induced strain |
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Definition
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Term
| when a reactant bond is weakened, what happens to the probability of collision with molecule with sufficient KE for dissociation? |
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Definition
| when reactant bond is weakened, a greater number of molecules have necessary KE to break a bond to dissociate a reactant |
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Term
| draw what happens when a maltose atom is dissociated due to collision from a water molecule when it is under induced strain from a maltase protein |
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Definition
Slide 7
https://my.rochester.edu/bbcswebdav/pid-2039399-dt-content-rid-3931438_2/courses/BIO110.2013FALL.14453/L05A.REV.pdf |
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Term
| why does functional genomics focus on mRNA? |
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Definition
| mRNA gives clues as to what parts of the DNA code are being expressed |
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