Term
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Definition
| The first rotary instrument was made available in ____ with an RPM of 1000. |
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Term
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Definition
| The rheostat was first used in ____ with a 10000 rpm rotary instrument. |
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Term
| all of the above are uses of rotary instruments in dentistry. Cutting, abrading, burnishing, finishing and polishing are also uses. |
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Definition
Which of the following are uses of rotary instruments in dentistry?
- remove carious material w/in decayed teeth
- reduce hard tissue of decayed/fractured teeth
- form design of cavity prep
- finish and polish teeth/restoration
- all of the above |
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Term
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Definition
| The ___-speed handpiece (6000rpm) is used for buffing, refining cavity preps and prophylaxis. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ___-speed handpiece (10,000-800,000 rpm) is used in cavity preps, retention groves and bevels w/in a cavity prep, bulk removal of enamel and dentin, developing cavity outline form and to remove old metal restorations. |
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Term
| 1. straight, 2. contra-angled, 3. right-angled |
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Definition
| List the 3 basic designs of a dental handpiece. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ___ handpiece is similar to the shape of a pen, hold burs and mandrels and mainly used for lab procedures. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ____ handpiece attaches to a straight handpiece and used to refine cavity preps, remove caries and for finishing and polishing. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ____ handpiece is a low speed attachment for a straight handpiece which holds brushes or rubber cups. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ are made of carbon steel until 1947. Now made of tungsten carbide which is twice as hard as steel. |
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Term
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Definition
| the ____ is the part of the bur that is inserted into the handpiece. The ___ is the neck. The ___ is the part of the bur that cuts, polishes or finishes. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: The smaller the number of a bur, the smaller the size. |
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Term
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Definition
____ stones are used to initiate bulk removal of restorative material during finishing of amalgam or gold restorations.
____ stones are used to smooth restorative materials during final finishing. Both are used for occlusal adjustment. |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ are rotary instruments made of various abrasive materials commonly using a metal or paper backing and they are designed to be held on a mandrel. |
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Term
all of the above!! Also
- cuttlefish bones
- silica
- crocus |
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Definition
Which of the following is commonly used in discs:
- sand
- garnet
- carborundum
- all of the above |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ are molded abrasive instruments usually made of rubber or phenolic resins, primarily used for lab procedures, finishing or polishing, and produces extreme heat |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ are mounting devices with a screw and threaded end of snap on attachment with prongs to hold on to the disc or wheel. It is used for polishing/finishing cavity preps/restoration. |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ have coarse grit used for gross reduction and fine grit used for smoothing or finishing. |
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Term
| Former: caries are simple, uncontrollable linear progression from acid demineralization to frank clinical lesion. Whereas the current idea states that caries progression is dynamic and involved demineralization and remineralization. |
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Definition
| Explain the former idea of the progression of caries vs. the current idea. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ occurs when acid lowers the pH at the tooth surface. It causes calcium, phosphate and other minerals to diffuse out of enamel and create subsurface lesion. |
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Term
| 80% by 18 yrs, 84% involve pits |
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Definition
| ___% of children have had tooth decay by 18yrs and ___% of caries in children 5-17yrs involve pits. |
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Term
| organic polymeric material |
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Definition
| Pit and fissure sealants are (organic/inorganic) polemyeric material used to penetrate pits and fissures in the attempt to provide effective protection against caries by sealing off these susceptible areas. |
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Term
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Definition
| The organic polymer of pit and fissure sealants bonds to the tooth by _____ ____. |
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Term
| 1960s, dr. Buonocore, acid etch technique |
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Definition
| In ____, Dr. _____ researched enamel preparations to increase adherence of materials and discovered the _____ technique which produces micropores in enamel. |
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Term
| indications: permanent teeth, deep pit/fissures, good oral hygiene; contra: detection of clinical caries on tooth (exc. max molars), radiographic detection of interproximal caries, presence of existing restoration (exc. max molars) |
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Definition
| List three indications and contraindications for p/f sealants. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ideally, sealants should be placed within ___ years of eruption of tooth. |
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Term
| 1. Isolate 2. cleanse/debride w/pumice 3. etch 4. Rinse 5. Dry 6. Apply sealant 7. finish, examine |
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Definition
| Describe the procedure for placing P/F sealants. (7 steps) |
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Term
| 60 sec perm, 90 sec primary |
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Definition
| Allow etching agent to remain on teeth for ___ seconds for permanent teeth and ___ seconds for primary teeth. |
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Term
| False! Always the most posterior tooth first |
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Definition
| T/F: You always seal the most anterior tooth first. |
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Term
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Definition
| When curing, hold the light __mm from the sealant surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| type ___ PRR is for a suspicious p/f, requires minimal cavity prep, caries removal limited to enamel and has not invaded dentin, no local anesthesia required. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type ___ PRR, incipient carious lesion into dentin that is small and confisd, minimal prep of grooves removing caries/decalcification at DEJ, restored by using filled posterior composite resin in prep and adjacent p/f with sealant material, local anesthesia required |
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Term
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Definition
| type ___ PRR is localized carious lesion prep into dentin, restored w/filled posterior composite resin in prep only, sealant placed over entire occlusal surface, local required |
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Term
| nasal obstructions, allergies, asthma, phobias, anatomical interference |
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Definition
| Name some contraindications for using a rubber dam. (5) |
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Term
| thin, medium, heavy, extra heavy |
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Definition
| ___ rubber dams are used for endodontics, ___ for pedodontics, ___ are tear-resistant, and ____ are class V. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: You use the largest holes for the clamped teeth, second largest for molars and third largest for premolars and incisors. |
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Term
| distal, central incisor, canine |
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Definition
| Rubber dam extends from clamped tooth (which is usually ____ to the tooth being worked on) to the _____ or ____ on opposite side. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: When placinv the clamp, you apply the buccal side then the lingual. |
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Term
| crowns, inlays, onlays and veneers |
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Definition
| When mixed to a luting consistency, dental cements are used to retain restorations such as ____, ____, ____ and ____. |
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Term
| used as temp filling materials, or provide thermal insulation |
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Definition
| When mixed to a thicker consistency some cements are used as ______ or to provide ______. |
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Term
| working viscosity, thickness after placement and composition. |
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Definition
| Varnishes, liners and bases are usually differentiated based on _____, _____ and _____. |
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Term
| true!! varnishes are solutions of resins contained in organic liquids |
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Definition
| T/F: Varnishes are not cements but are used with cements to provide pulpal protection from irritants. |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ decrease microleakage, decrease dentin discoloration, seals dentin tubules, and insoluble in water. Used in very thin layers (<50 micrometers) |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ is a free-flowing material which is places as a thin layer (<.5mm) into a preparation. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ prevent microleakage, kill residual microogranisms, stimulate reparative dentin formation, provide a sedative or palliative effect. |
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Term
| calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide eugenol-containing liners |
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Definition
| ___ ___ is an odontoblastic stimulant and ___ ___-___-____ liners are obtundants. |
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Term
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Definition
| A ___ is a thicker than a liner, relatively strong and usually a mm or more in thickness. Traditionally used to build up internal form of prep to ideal depth. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ are used for thermal insulation of pulp, provides strong foundation for restorations and take up space. |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ cements have low solubility in oral fluids, high sheer and tensile strengths, neutral acidity, adhesion to dentin and metal. |
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Term
| zinc oxide, 80% zinc oxide, 20% resin |
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Definition
| ____ ____ ____ is used for temporary cementation, temporary and intermediate restorations and bases. Powder contains ___% zinc oxide and ___% acrylic resin. liquid is eugenol. |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ ____ is the oldest of cements, primarily used as permanent luting agents and for cementation of orthodontic bands, made of zinc oxide and phosphoric acid and water |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ____ was the first cement developed with an adhesive bond to tooth structures, used primarily for final cementation of indirect restorations but can also be used for high-strength bases, made of zinc oxide and aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ cements have a chemical bond with the tooth structure, used as permanent luting agents, restorative materials, bases and core build-ups, made of calcium fluoralumionsilicate glass with barium glass added for radiopacity, polyacrylic acid copolymer in water. |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ ____ cements is similar to glass ionomer but is modified with addition of resin, expands as it absorbs moisture |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ cements are basically modified composite used to bond ceramic indirect restorations, conventional crowns, and bridges and for indirect bonding of ortho brackets |
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Term
| false! only very deep, 0.5mm or less from pulp |
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Definition
| T/F: Calcium hydroxide is only to be used in very shallow preparations. |
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Term
| calcium hydroxide closest to pulp, glass ionomer base, bonding agent liner |
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Definition
| Very deep preps should be treated in the following manner: _____, ____, ____ |
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Term
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Definition
| Pts with high caries rate should have liners and/or bases of ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| T/F: Amalgam has low tensile strength, low ductility and low toughness. |
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Term
| under = powdery, over = soupy, properly = shiny |
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Definition
| When amalgam is ____ titurated it appears powdery, chunky and has a dull appearance. When is is ____ titurated it appears soupy and sticks to the capsule. When it is ___ titurated, it is a single shiny mass which comes out of the capsule easily. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ metals are naturally resistant to oxidation, highly ductile, contain gold, platinum, iridium, osmium, palladium, rhodium and ruthenium. |
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Term
| palladium used for PFC and bridges, platinum used in alloying and foil. |
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Definition
| ___ is a metallurgical whitener used for poercelain fused to metal crowns and bridges. ___ is used for alloying and foil. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ metals tend to oxidize, but a few are protected by naturally formed adherent oxide coatings. Consists of iron, cobalt, chromium, nickel, and titanium. |
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Term
| iron = stainless steel, cobalt/nickel = cast alloys with chromium, titanium = naturally corrosion resistant |
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Definition
| ___ is used in stainless steel instruments, ___ and ___ are used with chromium for cast allows, and ___ is naturally highly corrosion resistant. |
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Term
| base metals = amalgams, noble metals = cast alloys |
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Definition
| ___ metals are used in amalgams, cast removable partial dentures, and implants. ___ metals are used in cast alloys. |
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Term
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Definition
| ____ allows single planes of atoms to move during deformation instead of large sets of planes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Wrought for fibrous microstuctures ___ strength and toughness. |
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Term
| bad, bad for corrosion but otherwise ok, good/best |
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Definition
| If the second phase forms along grain boundaries this is (good/bad). If the second phase forms in large precipitates it is (good/bad) for corrosion and if the second phase forms in small precipitates within grains this is (good/bad) |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ is the best technique to strengthen metals. All other mechanisms increase strength but reduce ductility and do not increase toughness. |
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Term
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Definition
| The polymer in mouth guards is ____ meaning that is softens when heated and hardens when cooled. |
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