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-Explains 3rd world problems internally: the problems of the country itself.
-Popular in the 50s and 60s; small revival in the 90s
-The 3rd world should model itself on the West: capitalist democracy
-Critiques: Ahistorical, ignores issues of colonization |
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-Critiques modernization theory.
-Argues that the 1st and 3rd worlds have an organic relationship because of colonialism; 3rd world makes cash crops and 1st world sets the prices
-The answer is a chain of revolutions to break down the current structure |
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| Ethnic group in Algeria; defined by language, like "Arab." Stronger Berber identity in Western Algeria near Morocco |
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-Algerian resistance leader.
-Fought bravely from 1832-1847 but was ultimately defeated because of 1) Berber infighting between tribes, 2) French weaponry and numbers were much better. |
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| French general who committed awful torture in Algeria |
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| French doctor and philosopher from Martinique who became Algerian. He believed that the dominated needed to kill the dominator. |
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| Western-educated Algerian author. Dislike Islamists but was also anti-Colonial. |
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| French general who smoked out women, children, and oxen from caves. Wrote an account of it - accidentally humanized the situation. |
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| Founded 1928. Culturally conservative organization. Used some violent tactics but from 1970s on, they worked within the system. Founded hospitals, charities, and schools. |
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| Sharif and emir of Mecca in the early 1900s. Was promised (by McMahon) an Arab sovereign state if he helped the British defeat the Ottomans. Was lied to. |
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| Developed modernization theory |
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| British general who promised Sharif Hussein of Mecca an independent Arab state in exchange for help defeating the Ottomans. (Sykes-Picot happened.) |
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| A secret deal dividing up several Middle Eastern countries between GB, France, and Russia. Meanwhile McMahon was promising Sh H of M an independent Arab country. The deal was outed by the communist gov't in Russian post-Revolution. |
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| British foreign secretary who argued for a sovereign Jewish homeland in Palestine. Argued for balance between Jewish right to a homeland without infringing on Palestinian rights. |
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| French Jewish officer was accused of being a German spy (but the charges were clearly false). A catalyst for the Zionist cause. |
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| Pro-Jewish homeland. Cultural, labor, and political Zionism eventually became one movement. |
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| Zionist leader who organized 1st Zionist Congress in 1897 |
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| Israeli paramilitary organization under British rule of Israel |
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| Prime Minister of Israel who revolted from British control of Israel. Quoted as saying "I was the first terrorist in the Middle East." |
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| Israeli PM who didn't approve of the eviction of Palestinians from Israel. |
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| Palestinian leader who created Fatah, the Palestinian National Liberation Movement. Won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1994 for his work in the Oslo Accords (a Palestinian-Israeli peace milestone at the time). |
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| Christian Palestinian socialist leader. Founded Palestinian Liberation Front, which was one of the first organizations to use plane hijacking as a military tactic... |
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| Palestinian Liberation Organization. Was responsible for the attacks on athletes at Munich olympics, but later became peaceful. |
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| Peace treaty signed by Menachem Begin (Israeli PM) and Sadat (Egyptian president) and US prez Carter. |
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| Egyptian president; valued Egyptian nationalism over Arab nationalism. Strengthened Egypt's military as well as diplomacy (signed Camp David Accords). |
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| Shah of Iran; came to power in a bloodless coup d'état and ruled until Soviet invasion. |
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| French general who used smoking out as a tactic against Algerian civilians but did not write about it. |
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| Wealthy banker who helped fund Zionist causes. |
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| Muslim counterpart to Zionism. Taught that if Muslims didn't help themselves, no one would. Founded the Black Hand, an anti-Zionist, anti-British militant organization. |
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| Israeli general and later prime minister. As PM he took Israel out of the Gaza Strip (looked like a gesture of goodwill + they wanted the West Bank). |
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| Palestinian Christian writer (of Secret Life of Saeed) |
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| Iranian sub-ethnic group. Some are nomadic or semi-nomadic. Speak an Indo-Iranian language (not Persian). Sunni (as opposed to majority Shiite). |
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| First to use magical realism in literature. Supplanted the idea of Columbus as a hero and the "discovery" of America as a positive thing. |
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