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| When a cell or group of cells each duplicates its genetic material and then splits into two new genetically identical cells. This process only requires one parent. |
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| In sexual reproduction genetic material from each of two parents combines, producing offspring that differ genetically from either parent. |
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| Very long fibers that are too thin to be seen under a light microscope, a combination of DNA and protein molecules |
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| As a cell prepares to divide, its chromatin fibers condense, becoming visible as the compact structures called chromosomes. |
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Each chromosome consists of two identical joined copies, known as sister chromatids.
(Does not imply female gender) |
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| The region where the two chromatids are joined tightly together. |
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| The cell cycle extends from the "birth" of the cell as a result of cell reproduction to the time the cell itself reproduces. |
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| The stage during which a cell carries out its metabolic processes and performs its functions. |
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| Mitotic phase ( M Phase ) |
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Definition
| The mitotic phase consists of two processes, mitosis and cytokineses. |
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| When the nucleus and the duplicated chromosomes divide and are evenly distributed, forming two "daughter" nuclei. ( DOES NOT IMPLY GENDER ) |
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| The process by which the cytoplasm is divided in two. Generally begins before mitosis is completed. |
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| The chromosomes' movements guided by a football-shaped framework of microtubles. |
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| region of cytoplasmic material that in animal cells contains structures called centrioles. |
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| Name and order the 4 stages in mitosis. |
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| Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. |
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| The first stage of mitosis. |
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| The second stage of mitosis. |
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| The third stage of mitosis. |
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| The fourth and final stage of mitosis. |
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| A disk containing cell wall material |
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| An abnormal mass of essentially normal cells |
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| masses of cells that result from the reproduction of cancer cells |
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| A disease caused by the severe disruption of the mechanisms that normally control the cell cycle |
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| The spread of cancer beyond their original site |
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| A type of cell division that produces four cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. |
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| A display of the 46 chromosomes of an individual |
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| The two chromosomes of each matching pair |
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| The 23rd pair of chromosomes that determines gender. |
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| Containing two homologous sets of chromosomes. |
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| Egg and sperm cells, also known as sex cells. |
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| A cell with a single set of chromosomes. |
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| The nucleus of a haploid sperm cell from the father fuses with the nucleus of the haploid egg cell from the mother. |
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| The fertilized eggs resulting from fertilization. |
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| The paired chromosomes consisting of four chromatids resulting from prophase I. |
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