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Definition
| substance that makes up all things (atoms) |
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Definition
| atoms of a single type, found on periodic table |
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| element found in the human body in small amounts but of huge importance |
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Definition
| when two or more different types of elements are bonded together |
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| Give an example of 2 trace elements and their functions |
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Definition
Iron- helps carry oxygen in blood
Iodine- prevents goiter, helps thyroid function |
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| The four most common elements found in living things are: |
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Definition
| Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen (in order of abundance) |
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Definition
| the smallest piece of matter |
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| the negatively charged particle of an atom found outside the nucleus |
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Definition
| the positively charged particle of an atom, found in the nucleus, 1amu in mass, same size as nuetrons |
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Definition
| neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom, 1amu in size, same size as protons |
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Definition
| the center region/zone of an atom, where an atom's mass is located |
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Definition
| atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons, has different mass |
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| isotope that decays over time, gives of particles of the nucleus, used to date rocks and fossils, also used in nuclear medicine |
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| In order for an atom to be stable it desires how many valence electrons? |
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Definition
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| How does the reactivity compare of two atoms, one with 1 electron, the other with 8 electrons |
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Definition
| The atom with 1 electron is very reactive while the atome with 8 electrons is inert, does not react |
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Term
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Definition
| when two atoms electrons interact and form a compound |
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Definition
| compound formed from a metal and a nonmetal, where electrons between atoms are TRANSFERRED |
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Definition
| compounds made of two nonmetals, when the electrons of atoms are SHARED |
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Definition
| the substance formed from a chemical reaction |
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| the "ingredients" in a chemical reaction |
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Definition
| smallest substance of a molecular compound |
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Definition
| atom with either a positive or negative charge |
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Definition
| covalent compound where electrons are not shared equally. One end is positively charged and the other is negatively charged |
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Definition
| bond that attracts hydrogen atoms to each other |
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Definition
| the atraction between a substance and itself |
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Definition
| the attraction between a substance and something else |
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Definition
| the amount of energy in a substance from the movement of atoms |
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| the measurement of the amount of thermal energy in a substance |
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Definition
| when one substance is dissolved in another substance, can be solid, liquid, or gas |
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| substance that dissolves the solute |
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Definition
| substance that is dissolved in a solution |
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Definition
| solution where water is the solvent |
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| substance that when in solution donates Hydrogen + ions; a pH of lower than 7 |
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Definition
| a substance that when in solution accepts H+ ions, or donates OH- ions; a pH of over 7 |
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Definition
| measurement of 1-14 that describes strength of acid/base solution |
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Definition
| substance that absorbs H+ ions and maintains a constance pH in a solution |
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Term
| What compound is formed from H+ ions combined with OH- ions? |
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Definition
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| What ions in a solution make the solution an acid? |
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Definition
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| What ions in solution make the solution basic? |
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Definition
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| What pH is considered neutral? |
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Definition
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Term
| What pH range is considered acidic? |
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Definition
| Anything less than a pH of 7 |
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Term
| What pH range is considered basic? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 common acidic substances |
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Definition
| vinegar, stomach acid, acid rain, any citric juice |
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Term
| Name 3 common basic substances: |
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Definition
| bleach, oven cleaner, ammonia, seawater |
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Term
| What type of bond is created when electrons are transfered from one atom to another? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of bond is created when electrons are shared between two atoms? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a common substance that is an example of a polar compound |
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Definition
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Term
| What two properties of water allow plants to absorb and tranport water up their stems? |
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