Term
| Abiotic population factors are |
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Definition
| a nonliving component to the ecosystem |
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Term
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Definition
| a living factor that affects the ecosystem |
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Term
| Give an example of an abiotic factor |
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Definition
| air temperature, humidity, wind, water availability, type of soil |
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Term
| Give and example of a biotic factor |
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Definition
| living vegetation, predators, prey, mates |
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Term
| Explain how random sampling works. |
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Definition
| A small sample of a larger population is collected and estimates of the entire population are made based on percentages. |
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Term
| Explain how quadrat sampling is used. |
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Definition
| A quadrat is a predefined square area that is used to grid an ecosystem. The quadrats are then randomly selected, surveyed, and square area is used to estimate entire population size. |
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Term
| Explain the mark and recapture method of population sampling. |
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Definition
| A small population is caught, marked, and returned to the population. Overtime samples are collected and the number of marked individuals are tracked to estimate total population size. |
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Term
| What is population density. |
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Definition
| The number of individuals of a population living in a specific area of space/the ecosystem. |
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Term
| What two things do you need to know to calculate population density? |
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Definition
| The number of individuals will be divided by the total square area. |
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Term
| What is a population's carrying capacity? |
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Definition
| The number of individuals an ecosystem can support/sustain. |
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Term
| What is a limiting factor? |
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Definition
| An abiotic or biotic factor of the ecosystem that limits the population growth/size in some way. |
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Term
| What is an density INDEPENDENT limiting factor? |
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Definition
| A factor that limits the population, but the density of the population is not connected to its impact. |
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Term
Give an example of a density
INDEPEDENT limiting factor: |
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Definition
| air temperature, a rainstorm, any ecological disaster (forest fire, etc.) |
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Term
| What is a density DEPENDENT limiting factor? |
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Definition
| A factor that limits the population and limits more the more dense a population. |
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Term
| Give an example of a density DEPENDENT limiting factor: |
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Definition
| nesting sites, primary producers (food supply), contagious diseases |
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Term
| What occurs during a predator/prey relationship? |
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Definition
| One organism eats or consumes another the prey. |
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Term
| What would be the problem with having both snakes (a carnivore) and cats (carnivores) in the same ecosystem? |
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Definition
| They will compete for the same food source. This is also described as having the same niche. (May result in competitive exclusion) |
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Term
| What is an energy pyramid? |
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Definition
| A diagram that shows how energy is transfered from the sun, through the producers, and up the food chain. |
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Term
| All organisms in a population have three things in common. Name them: |
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Definition
| Same species, same area/location/ same time frame. |
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Term
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Definition
| All of the organisms living in a common area at the same time. (Do NOT need to be same species-in fact are NOT) |
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Term
| The level of ecological organization that includes both the biotic and abiotic components is called the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The level of ecological organization that is the broadest and most encompassing is the: |
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Definition
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Term
| The level of ecological organization that includes individuals of a single species is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The level of ecological organization that includes multiple species but does not address the abiotic factors is the: |
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Definition
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Term
| Give three examples of abiotic factors: |
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Definition
| sunlight, water, temperature, wind, severe disturbances such as flood or fire |
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Term
| A major type of terrestrial ecosystem that covers large regions is called a |
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Definition
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Term
| Biomes are characterized based on |
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Definition
| the communities of plans and organisms that are adapted to the climate in addition to the abiotic factors |
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Term
| What is it called when a population size doubles within a given amount of time? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the maximum number of individuals of one species that an ecosystem can support has been reached. This number is called the ecosystem's |
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Definition
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Term
| Competition where individuals of the same species compete for food or resources is called? |
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Definition
| interspecific competition |
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Term
| Competition between two different species over the same resource is called? |
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Definition
| intraspecific competition |
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Term
| If one species out competes another different species its it known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| An organisms, living habitat, food sources, time of day its most active and role in an ecosystem is called its: |
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Definition
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Term
| Give three exampls of predator/prey adaptations: |
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Definition
| camoflouge, speed & agility, sensing heat, great sense of smell or sight, mimicry |
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Term
| Give three examples of a major ecological disturbance: |
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Definition
| fires, volcanic eruptions, floods, storms, droughts, farming, deforestation |
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Term
| The process in which a community changes throughout time is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Succession that starts in an area lacking living organisms and soil is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Succession that damages a current community but leaves the soil intact is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Organisms that make their own food source are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Organisms that cannot produce their own food and must have a food source are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Organisms that feed on producers or plants are called: |
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Definition
| primary consumers or herbivores |
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Term
| Organisms that feed on primary consumers or higher are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Organsims that help recycle matter and nutrients into the ecosystem are: |
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Definition
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Term
| What two groups of organisms (kingdoms) play a large role in decomposition? |
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Definition
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Term
| The pathway of food and energy from trophic level to another is called a: |
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Definition
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Term
| A series of interconnected food chains is called a? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the three basic steps of chemical recycling: |
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Definition
1. Producers remove nutrient from abiotic ecosystem and incorporat it into organic compounds.
2. Consumers feed on producers incorporating nutrients into their own bodies.
3. Organisms die, and decomposers break them down returning nutrients to the abiotic ecosystem. |
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Term
| Name three chemical cycles found in ecosystems: |
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Definition
carbon cycle
nitrogen cycle
phosphorus cycle
water cycle |
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Term
| Nitrogen is found in which biological molecule? |
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Definition
| Nucleic acids, Amino Acids (Proteins) |
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Term
| What group of organisms helps transfer atmospheric nitrogen into usable nitrogen for plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What biological molecule is produced with carbon? |
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Definition
| sugars, starches, and carbodydrates |
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Term
| What two processes are always present in an ecosystem that help cycle carbon? |
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Definition
| cellular respiration and photosynthesis |
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Term
| What biological molecule is produced with carbon? |
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Definition
| sugars, starches, and carbodydrates |
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Term
| The variety of life on Earth is known as the |
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Definition
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Term
| Know the processes involved in the water cycle |
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Definition
| condensation, evaporation, transpiration, run-off, precipitation |
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Term
| The primary cause of biodiversity loss is due to |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
-Anything below 7 on the pH scale
-A substance that donates H+ ions to a solution |
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Term
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Definition
-Anything above 7 on the pH scale
-a substance that donates OH- ions to a solution |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance that resists a change in pH. It will keep pH at a constant level (or close to) |
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Term
| What are some of water's unique properties that make it important for life? |
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Definition
-cohesion
-adhesion
-polar molecule
-becomes LESS dense as a solid
-universal solvent (most things dissolve in it) |
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Term
| What are the 4 most common elements found in living things? |
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Definition
| carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen |
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Term
| Where are reactants found in a written chemical equation? |
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Definition
| Reactants are found at the REAR of the arrow! |
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Term
| Where are products found in a written chemical equation? |
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Definition
| Products are found at the POINT of the arrow! |
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Term
| How does matter move through an ecosystem? |
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Definition
| It is recycled as it passes through a food chain and the chemical cycles. |
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Term
| How does energy move through an ecosystem? |
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Definition
| Energy comes into an ecosystem via sunlight where it is captured via photosynthesis. It moves up through a food chain but is also lost to the environment as heat. It is NOT recycled. |
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Term
| Describe a polar water molecule: |
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Definition
| Its like "Mickey Mouse". The 2 Hydrogens are the ears and the Oxygen is the mouth. Listening is a good (=) idea so the Hydrogens are positive and talking too much is a bad (-) idea so Oxygen is negative. |
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Term
| What role does photosynthesis play in the carbon cycle? |
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Definition
| Carbon Dioxide is taken in by plants and converted to sugars. So the carbon changes from an abiotic factor to a biotic factor. This is also known as a Carbon sink because it pulls Carbon from the atmosphere where excess amounts can cause Global Warming |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of living tissue in an organism, population, ecosystem, etc. It is a value of measurement of all the living cells. |
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