Term
| List the three main components of the circulatory system: |
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Definition
| heart, blood, & blood vessel |
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Term
| List the three types of blood vessels: |
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Definition
| veins, arteries, and capillariesjohn |
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Term
| What is the function of veins in the body? |
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Definition
| To transport blood from the body to the heart. |
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Term
| Whatis the function of arteries in the body? |
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Definition
| To transport blood from the heart to the body. |
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Term
| What is the function of the capillaries? |
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Definition
| Capillaries force blood to travel in single file, they have increased surface area and thin walls to enhance transport of substances into and out of the capillaries to the neighboring interstitial fluid. |
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Term
| How are arteries and veins similar and different? |
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Definition
| They both transport blood and substances throughout the body, however they travel in opposite directions and artery walls are muscular where veins are not. |
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Term
| How is water transported across the capillary walls into surrounding interstitial fluid and tissues? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported across the capillary walls into surrounding interstitial fluid and tissues? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are nutrients transported across the capillary walls into surrounding interstitial fluid and tissues? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are waste products transported from surrounding tissues and interstitial fluids into the capillaries? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the atria located on the heart? |
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Definition
| Atria are the chambers at the top of the heart. |
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Term
| Where does blood leaving the left/right atrium travel next? |
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Definition
| Into the respective (left/right) ventricle. |
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Term
| Blood that is pumped from the left ventricle is transported to ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood that is pumped from the right ventricls is transported to ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood is oxygenated in the lungs and returns to which chamber of the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood that returns to the heart from the body is collected in which chamber? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the four chambers of the heart, along with the body and lungs in order the blood travels through them. |
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Definition
| From the body to the right atrium, to the right ventricle, to the lungs, to the left atrium, to the left ventricle, and then out to the body again. |
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Term
| What is the systemic circuit of the circulatory system? |
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Definition
| he flow of blood through the heart and all of the tissues outside the heart other than the lungs such as muscles, skin, kidneys, etc. |
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Term
| What is the pulmonary circuit in the circulatory system? |
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Definition
| The pulmonary circuit is the loop of blood flow between the heart and the lungs. |
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Term
| What is considered normal blood pressure for the average young adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the numbers in a blood pressure reading indicate? Ex: 110/70 |
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Definition
110 = the systolic pressure
70 = the diastolic pressure |
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Term
| What is the difference between the diastolic and systolic blood pressure readings? |
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Definition
systolic = the pressure during a heartbeat (contraction)
diastolic = blood pressure while the heart is at rest (not contracting) |
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Term
| List the major parts of the respiratory system. |
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Definition
| lungs, broncioles, bronci, and alveoli, diaphragm |
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Term
| Where in the cardiovascular system is a large SA to small volume utilized for more efficient transport? (two places) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A muscle below the lungs that separates the chest & abdominal cavities. |
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Term
| When the diaphragm contracts, what is the result? |
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Definition
| It creates negative pressure in the lungs causing inhalation. |
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Term
| When the diaphragm relaxes what is the result? |
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Definition
| It allows the pressure inside the lungs to increase as carbon dioxide enters them, and exhalation occurs. |
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Term
| How is breathing different from respiration? |
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Definition
| Breathing is the intake and output of gases from the lungs where respiration occurs at the cellular level and releases ATP from glucose. |
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Term
| As carbon dioxide dissolves in the bloodstream, how does this change the pH? Why? |
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Definition
| Dissolved carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid which lowers the pH of the blood making it more acidic. |
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Term
| What is the body's response to blood with a low ph? |
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Definition
| The brain will signal the body to increase respiration rate, which releases the carbon dioxide from the blood, bring the pH back up to neutral. |
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Term
| What is it called as the body regulates the level of carbon dioxide in the blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| List 3 functions of the circulatory system: |
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Definition
1. Transport nutrients and gases to the various parts of the body.
2. Carry away wastes and carbon dioxide from tissues to excretory organs.
3. Aid in immune response
4. Circulate heat throughout the body. |
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Term
| List 2 functions of the respiratory system: |
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Definition
1. Bring in oxygen so that it can be transported to the body's tissues.
2. Remove carbon dioxide (waste gas) from the body's tissues/blood stream. |
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