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Exploring Computer Science
Computer Terms
23
Computer Science
Advanced
08/30/2017

Additional Computer Science Flashcards

 


 

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Term

Prototype

Definition
A preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It’s the original drawing from which something real might be built or created.
Term

Binary Question

Definition
a question to which there are only two possible answers.

 

Term

Binary Message

Definition
a message that can only be one of two possible values.

 

Term

Bit

Definition
A contraction of "Binary Digit". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1.
Term

Bit rate

Definition

(sometimes written bit rate) the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time. e.g. 8 bits/sec.

 

Term

Protocol

Definition

 

A set of rules and standards governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

Term

Bandwidth

Definition
Transmission capacity measure by bit rate
Term

Latency

Definition
Time it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver
Term

ASCII

Definition
ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII is the universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand
Term

code  (v)

Definition
to write code, or to write instructions for a computer.
Term

Request for Comments (RFC)

Definition
A formal document from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) that is the result of committee drafting and subsequent review by interested parties. Some RFCs are informational in nature, documents are how standards and protocols are defined and published for all to see on the IETF website.
http://ietf.org

 

Term

IP Address

Definition
A number assigned to any item that is connected to the Internet.

 

Term

Packets

Definition

 

Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information

Term

Router

Definition
a computer, device which receives messages travelling across a network and redirects them towards their intended destinations based on the addressing information included with the message.
Term

TCP

Definition
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. It manages all the sending and receiving of Data Packets, like a dependable mail service.
Most networks combine IP with a higher-level protocol called Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which establishes a virtual connection between a destination and a source.
Transmission Control Protocol - provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.
Learn More
http://bpastudio.csudh.edu/fac/lpress/471/hout/netech/stackinaction.htm

 

Term

DNS

Definition
Domain Name Server, System: the Internet's system for converting alphabetic url names into numeric IP addresses.
Term

HTTP

Definition
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the protocol used by the World Wide Web. It describes how messages are formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands.
Term

Abstraction

Definition
Reducing information and detail to focus on essential characteristics.
Term

Server

Definition
A computer that awaits and responds to requests for data
Term

Client

Definition
A computer that requests data stored on a server.
Term

Net Neutrality

Definition
The principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers.
Term

Internet Censorship

Definition
Internet censorship is the control or suppression of what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the Internet enacted by regulators, or on their own initiative. ... Other areas of censorship include copyrights, defamation, harassment, and obscene material. Support for and opposition to Internet censorship also varies.
Term
Network Surveillance
Definition
Computer and network surveillance is the monitoring of computer activity and data stored on a hard drive, or data being transferred over computer networks such as the Internet. The monitoring is often carried out covertly and may be completed by governments, corporations, criminal organizations, or individuals.
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