Term
| What were the aims of Watson and Raynor's study? |
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Definition
To see if it possible to induce fear through classical conditioning
will he fear be transferred to other similar objects
the effect time will have on the fear response
is it possible to remove the fear |
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Term
| How was fear conditioned into Little Albert? |
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Definition
| He was present with a rat, when he reached for it a steel bar was hit by a hammer |
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Term
| When did Albert show a rection to the rat alone in Watson and Raynor's study? |
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Definition
2x presentations in 1st session
5x presentations in 2nd session |
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Term
| What had occured in sessions 3 and 4 in Watson and Raynor's study? |
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Definition
| Albert's fear had transferred onto other similar objects - rabbit, dog, fur coat etc |
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Term
| What occured in session 5 of Watson and Raynor's study? |
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Definition
Time had not removed Little Albert's fear response
Albert was then taken out of the hospital |
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Term
| What was the aim of the study by Gottesman and Shields? |
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Definition
| To review research on genetic transmission of schizophrenia |
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Term
| Who were the participants in Gottesman and Shield's study? |
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Definition
Adoption studies - 711 participants
Twin studies - 210 monozygotic twins, 319 dizygotic twins |
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Term
| What was found in the adoption studies reviewed by Gottesman and Shields? |
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Definition
increased incidence of schizophrenia in adopted children with schizophrenic biological parent
normal children fostered to schizophrenic parents and adopted parents of schizophrenic children showed little evidence of it
biological siblings of children with Schizophrenia showed higher percentage of the disorder compared with adoptive siblings |
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Term
| What was found in the twin studies reviewed by Gottesman and Shields? |
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Definition
| Higher concordence rate for schizophrenia in monozygotic, 58%, than dizygotic, 12% |
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Term
| What was the aim of Beck et al's study? |
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Definition
| To understand cognitive distortions in patients with depression |
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Term
| Who were the participants in Beck et al's study? |
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Definition
| 50 patients diagnosed with depression matched to 31 non-depressed patients |
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Term
| What was the procedure of Beck et al's study? |
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Definition
| Face to face interviews, some patients kept thought diaries |
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Term
| What were the findings of Beck et al's study? |
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Definition
| Certain themes appeared in the depressed patients that did not appear in the non-depressed patients - low self esteem, self blame, overwhelming responsibilities, desire to escape, paranoia, anxiety and accusations against other people |
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Term
| What did Beck et al conclude? |
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Definition
| Even in mild depression, patients hav cognitive distortions that deviate from realistic and logical thinking - related only to depression and not to other areas |
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