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| A method of acquiring knowledge based on superstition or habit. |
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| The development of a positive attitude toward something as a function of increased familiarity with it. |
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| An approach to acquiring knowledge that is not based on reasoning or inferring. |
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| A basis for acceptance of information because it is acquired from a highly respected source. |
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| The acquisition of knowledge through reasoning. |
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| Acquisition of knowledge through experience. |
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| A way of acquiring knowledge that is not tied to one universal method that is invariant across time. |
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| A philosophical approach that advocated hypothesis testing as an important method of science. |
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| Deductive approach to science that focuses on whether a hypothesis is confirmed or falsified. |
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| Criticized logical positivism and advocated Falsification. |
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| Science should be studied and evaluated empirically like any other scientific discipline. |
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Normal Science Revolutionary Science |
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| Kuhn said science reflects two types of activities: |
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| A framework of thought or beliefs by which reality is interpreted. |
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| A period in which scientific activity is characterized by the replacement of one paradigm with another. |
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| Lakatos's portrayal of science as being withing a framework. A succession of theories that are linked by a set of fundamental principals. |
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1.Identification of the problem and forming a hypothesis
2. Design an experiment
3.Conduct Experiment
4. Test hypothesis through statistical analysis.
5. Communicate results |
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a definition of a variable in
terms of the actual procedures used to measure or manipulate the variable |
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1. Original effect occurred by chance
2. Replication introduced extraneous factors. |
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A set of propositions that attempt
to specify the interrelationships among a set of concepts. |
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the art of finding one thing while looking for
another, requires inquisitiveness and openness to new and
different phenomenon |
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Curiousity
Patience
Objectivity
Change |
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Definition
| Four roles of a scientist |
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Description
Explanation
Prediction
Control |
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Definition
| Four objectives of science |
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