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Augustine
Aquinas
Copernicus
Descartes
Spinoza |
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Term
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Definition
-established central doctrines of Christianity
-free will was a response to the problem of evil
-brought christian and Plato's philosophical ideas together
-Free Will (Choosing to be good or evil)
-Disordered Desire - all wrongdoing
-Problem of Evil - why do evil things exist |
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- Theism - existence of a god, not GOD
- Atheist - doesn't believe in (the) GOD
- Parsimony and the Argument of Design |
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- Renaissance era, where science took off
- Heliocentric model - sun is in the center of the solar system |
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-Rationalist
-Three Levels of Doubt
-Cogito ergo sum
-Clear and distinct ideas
-Proof of a perfect being |
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- Determinism
- Pantheism
- Monism |
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Term
| Belief in existence and the ability to argue |
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AUGUSTINE
once we believe in both,we believe in reason |
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AUGUSTINE
- response to the problem of evil
- many influences - education, wants, difficulty of the tasks
- seeking good is seeking wisdom and cannot be lost as long as someone has good will
- if we choose to seek god, we become men of good will |
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AUGUSTINE
- the want to do evil
- interior motivation, whether you choose to do an evil act or not, that person clearly knows that they are committing sin |
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AUGUSTINE
- if god exists, why does evil exist?
- if god created all things, isn't evil a thing?
- we are not seeing the goodness i these things "if something id sick, they are lacking health"
- god creates only good things
- evil is not good, therefore not a thing
- people don't realize this because of their lack of perspective |
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AQUINAS
T - belief in the existence of A god
A - God doesnt exist |
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| Parsimony and the Argument of Design |
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Definition
AQUINAS
1. everything can be explained through science and reason and observation
2. god is not needed to explain everything
3. no need for god to exist
4. god does not exist
his response - the world is so organized that there must have been a designer |
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COPERNICUS
Renaissance era - when science took off
- sun is at the center of the solar system
- catholic church opposed this because it went against the bible, which stated that the earth is at the center of the solar system because man is the greatest thing that God created, and therefore, everything in the universe revolves around it. |
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DESCARTES
knowledge is attained through reason without the aid of our senses |
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DESCARTES
1. Senses
2. Dream
3. Evil Genius Hypothesis
- there is a deceiver, but the deceiver is not god because god is only associated with the good |
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DESCARTES
"I think, therefore I am"
knows he is alive because he thinks and can doubt things, therefore he exists |
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DESCARTES
How can Descartes be sure that distinct values are true
answer - god exists |
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DESCARTES
1. i have an idea of a perfect being
2. i am imperfect
3. i am not the cause of my perfect idea
4. god gave me this idea
5. god exists as a perfect being
6. god would never let me be decived about the truth of clear and distinct ideas |
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Term
| Determinism, Pantheism, Monism |
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Definition
SPINOZA
D - idea that things are meant to happen due to prior conditions
P - Gid is identical to nature as a whole
M - there is only one reality |
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