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| underlying, relatively stable, psychological structures and processes that organize human experience and shape a person's actions and reactions to the environment |
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shape behavior- construct
describe attitudes, values, interests, or beliefs- long standing- something true of you for awhile |
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| constructs. traits or tendencies or predispositions or orientations |
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| mix. behaviors or states(mood states, state anxiety, etc)- self-efficacy, PBC |
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predisposition to respond favorably or unfavorably to an "attitude object"
learned
has direction(+or-) and intensity (string or weak)
attitude toward..
predict behavior(if salient/relevant.. if activated)
change attitude by creating associations
we strive for consistency between attitudes, values, and behaviors |
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openness
conscientiousness
extroversion
agreeableness
neuroticism |
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ancient greeks: bodily humor
sheldon(1942): constitutional theory- individual possess certain somatotypes (body types) |
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| personality consists of specific traits(tendency to be moody, tendency to be anxious) and more general traits(neuroticism) |
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| dimensions of Eysenck's Theory |
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extraversion-introversion
neuroticism(emotionality)-stability
psychoticism-superego |
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| Traits/typical responses characteristics |
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| relatively enduring predispositions to behave in particular ways across different situations |
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| states/role-related behaviors characteristics |
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| the psychological reaction to the situation in which the individual finds him/herself |
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| Dienstbier (1984)'s research supports Cattell's predictions |
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| increased fitness=decreased emotionality |
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neuroticism
extraversion
openness to experience/intellect
agreeableness
conscientiousness |
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| type A behavior pattern(TABP) |
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tendency to be aggressive, competitive, impatient, hostile
relevance for exercise: prone to coronary disease, for which exercise may help |
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sense of control over events; life events are challenges and opportunities
relevance for exercise: related to a tendency to engage in more healthful behaviors |
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