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Exercise Physiology
test 2
38
Physiology
Undergraduate 4
11/01/2010

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Term
Insulin
Definition
lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose transport through cell membranes. also activates activates the enzyme glycogen syntheses, which converts glucose to its storage form, glycogen. last it is a potent inhibitor of lipolysis.
Term
Glucagon
Definition
acts mainly to raise blood glucose level by promoting the release of glucose from the liver, it also simulates glycogenolysis and gluconogenesis, both which result in higher blood glucose levels
Term
pancreas
Definition
supplies the working tissues with fuel by secreting hormones glucagon and insulin.
Term
thyroid
Definition
T3 and T4 are used to regulate metoblism, training increases the levels of T3 and T4
Term
Warm up
Definition
1-increases temputer decresases viscous resistance in the musceles and improves efficiency
2 hemoglobin and myoglobin give up more pxygen and dissociate more rapidly at higher temperatures
3-reduces lactate accumulation during the subsequent excersise bout.
4-vascular resiestance decreases
5-total pulmonary resistanc e to blood flow decreases with increasing tempeture

Increase temp 1-2c
10-15 min
Term
cool down
Definition
helps to clear lactate from the blood far more rapidly than a passive cool down. mainly important in preventing blood pooling. maintains increased muscle and connective tissue tempter
Term
ACSM recommendactions for aerobic activity
Definition
every U.S. adult should accumulate 30 minutes or more of moderate intensity physical activity on most, preferably all, days of the week.Expend 150-200 kcal daily
Term
health benefits
Definition
Term
fitness benefits
Definition
Term
fitness program requirements
Definition
Term
intensity
Definition
55 to 90% of max HR
40 to 85% of max HR reserve and vo2 max
Term
mode
Definition
Utilize large muscle groups
Continuous
Rhythmical
Aerobic in nature
Term
Duration
Definition
20 to 60 continuous minutes
10 minutes each of multiple bouts
Term
Frequency
Definition
3 to 5 days per week
Term
Specificity
Definition
Sport specific
The main point is to Boost VO2max and anaerobic threshold* - lactate build up
Lactic acid threshold lets you push past the lactic acid berrior makes you go farther
Term
calculating target heart rates
Definition
(220-age) x .55 to .9
Term
heart rate reserve method
Definition
maxhr-reasting hr=x
x times .4=y
x times .85=z
y + resting= bottom range
z + resting = top range
Term
maintaining aerobic fitness
Definition
one to two days a week to maintain
Term
lsd
Definition
long slow distance, increase blood suply, increase ability to produce atp
Term
intervals
Definition
sort periods of work alternating with short rest intervals
Term
fartlek
Definition
Fartlek- unplanned intervals of speed while on a run
Term
tempo training
Definition
training at lactate threshold,- running at a race pace for acouple miles then slow down and run to cool down. running one mile after warm up as fast as you can, then do quarter mile intervals as fast as possible then cool down
Term
repetition traing
Definition
run a mile then brake it down in sections
Term
eccentric
Definition
muscle action involves force production while the muscle is lengthening
Term
concentric
Definition
the muscle shortens when producing force-
Term
isometric
Definition
contracting a muscle while not moving it
Term
isokinetic
Definition
consistant speed of contraction due to the use of initiated force
Term
graduation of response
Definition
One nerve per muscle will only go one muscle type because when you use a muscle you recruit based on need, type one then type 2 then type 2b depending on what is needed, they all get use without stopping during use
Rate coding- rate in which you receive a single impulse, the signal that is sent to the muscle to produce more force
Term
force production
Definition
183pg
Term
Force velocity relationship
Definition
Term
muscle force production
Definition
Term
muscle hypertrophy
Definition
results from the increase in the contractile protein content (actin and myson) of skeletal musclesIncreased protein synthesis
Decrease in breakdown of existing proteins
FT increase in size more than ST
Increased contractile protein content
Term
isotonic
Definition
n an isotonic contraction, tension remains unchanged and the muscle's length changes. Lifting an object at a constant speed is an example of isotonic contractions
Term
resistance training principles
Definition
195
Term
hyperventilation
Definition
Hyperventilation
Decreased carbon dioxide
Increases breath holding capability
Term
hypoventilation
Definition
By definition it causes an increased concentration of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) and respiratory acidosis.
Term
second wind
Definition
the change over from dyspnea to eupnea- normal breathes
Term
side stitch
Definition
ischemia
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