Term
| ATP-PCr system (phosphagen system) |
|
Definition
takes place in the cytoplasm
This system can prevent energy depletion by quickly regenerating ATP from ADP
This is an anaerobic process (occurs without oxygen)
PCr is a high energy molecule
A mole of ATP is produced per mole of phosphocreatine (PCr). The energy from the breakdown of PCr is not used for work but solely for the regeneration of ATP
ATP is used to drive reactions that need energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Requires 12 enzymatic reactions to breakdown glucose and glycogen into ATP
The pyruvic acid formed during glycolysis is in equilibrium with lactic acid
1 mole of glycogen produces 3 mole ATP; 1 mole of glucose produces 2 mole of ATP the difference due to the fact that it takes 1 mole of ATP to convert glucose into glucose – 6 – phosphate, when glycogen is converted to glucose – 1 – phosphate and then glucose – 6 – phosphate without the need for ATP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relies on oxygen to breakdown fuels for energy
Produces ATP in the mitochondria of the cell
Is the primary method of energy production during endurance events |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The form of carbohydrate stored in the body, found mainly in the muscles and liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muscle soreness that develops a day or two after a heavy bout of exercise and this is associated with actual injury within the muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The % of cells or formed elements in the total blood volume. More than 99% of the cells or formed elements are red blood cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, numerically equal to 7 for neutral solutions, increasing with increasing alkalinity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The point at which ventilation increases disproportionately compared with oxygen consumption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The point during exercise of increasing intensity at which blood lactate begins to accumulate above resting levels, where lactate clearance is no longer able to keep up with lactate production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle during contraction; the difference between the end diastolic volume and the end systolic volume |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The volume of blood pumped out by the heart per minute Q=hr X sv |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increase in the size or mass of an organ or body tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An energy rich compound that plays a critical role in providing energy for muscle action by maintaining ATP concentration |
|
|
Term
| Adenosine diphosphate (ADP |
|
Definition
| A high energy phosphate compound from which ATP is formed |
|
|
Term
| Adenosine Triphosphate ATP- |
|
Definition
| A high energy phosphate compound from which the body derives its energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of muscle fiber that has a high oxidative and a low glycolytic capacity, associated with endurance type activities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A key rate limiting enzyme of the anaerobic glycoltic energy system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the proteins that forms filaments that produce muscle action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thin protein filament that acts with myosin filaments to produce muscle action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A complex protein attached at regular intervals to actin strands and tropomyosin |
|
|
Term
| Respiratory Exchange Ration RER |
|
Definition
| The ratio of co2 expired to o2 consumed at the level of the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The first step in fatty acid oxidation, in which fatty acids are broken into separate 2 carbon units of acetic acid, each of which is then converted to acetyl CoA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A decrease in the electrical potential across a membrane such as when the inside of a neuron becomes less negative relative to the outside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An increase in the electrical potential across a membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The iron containing pigment in red blood cells that binds oxygen |
|
|
Term
| Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption EPOC- |
|
Definition
| Elevated oxygen consumption above resting levels after exercise, at one time referred to as oxygen debt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An increase in heart rate during exercise to compensate for a decrease in stroke volume. This compensation helps maintain a constant cardiac output |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The point at which ventilation increases disproportionately compared with oxygen consumption |
|
|
Term
| Resting Metabolic Rate RMR- |
|
Definition
| The body’s metabolic rate early in the morning following an overnight fast and 8 hours of sleep. |
|
|
Term
| Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential EPSP |
|
Definition
| A depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane caused by an excitatory impulse |
|
|
Term
| Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential IPSP |
|
Definition
| A hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane caused by an inhibitory impulse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Absorb energy from surroundings |
|
|
