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Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Cardiac Contractile Cells
N/A
6
Physiology
Undergraduate 2
11/20/2013

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Term
Step 1
Definition
Action potential spreads through plasma membrane and down T tubules
Term
Step 2
Definition
Voltage Channels on the SR open and release Ca2+ into the cytosol
Term
Step 3
Definition
Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels on the plasma membrane allow Ca2+ into the cell
Term
Step 4
Definition
SR released more Ca2+ with each action potential in a phenomenom known as calcium-induced calcium relesase. Calcium binds to troponin shifting tropomyosin off the myosin binding sites on actin.
Term
Step 5
Definition
Cross-bridge cycle occurs
Term
Step 6
Definition
Relaxation of the cardiac muscle occurs when Ca2+ exits the cytosol in three separate mechanisms.
1. Ca2+-ATPase actively transports Ca2+ from the cytosol into the lumen of the SR
2. Ca2+ ATPase actively transports Ca2+ from the cytosol into the interstitial fluid.
3. Na+ Ca2+ exchanger in the plasma membrane actively transports Ca2+ out of the cell by countertransport with sodium.
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