Term
| 3 factors that determine the rate of movement across a barrier |
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Definition
1) Concentration of partial pressures of gases (Concentration Gradient)
2) Barrier Thickness
3) Other barriers |
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Term
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Definition
Concentration = s x Partial Pressure
for oxygen in blood plasma, s=.0013 |
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Term
| Barriers Separating the Alveolar Air from the Blood Cytoplasm |
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Definition
From Alveolar Air --> Blood Cytoplasm
1)Water Layer
2)Alveolar Type I Epithelial Cell
3)Interstitial Space with Matrix
4)Pulmonary Capillary Endothelial Cell
5)Blood Plasma
6)Blood cell cytoplasm |
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Term
| Determinants of Net Diffusion of Gases Across a Membrane (Vnet) |
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Definition
V(net) is directly proportional to:
-A (area of membrane)
-s (solubility of the gas)
-P(a) - P(v) (pressure of gas in alveoli minus pressure of gas in mixed venus blood, in other words, how much is being consumed)
V(net) is indirectly proportional to:
-a (thickness of membrane)
-sqrt(MW) (square root of the molecular weight of the gas) |
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Term
What happents to barrier thickness at:
-Inspiration
-Expiration |
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Definition
During inspiration:
-Barrier thickness decreases
During Expiration:
-Barrier thickness increases
*During inspiration, stretch minimizes thickness |
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Term
What happens to barrier area at:
-Inspiration
-Expiration |
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Definition
At inspiration:
-Barrier area increases
At Expiration:
-Barrier area decreases
*During Inspiration, stretch maximizes area |
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Term
| Equation for overall oxygen consumption (AKA VO2) |
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Definition
VO2=Oxygen being delivered to tissues - Oxygen in resulting venus blood
VO2= (Q x CaO2) - (Q x CVO2)
VO2= Q (CaO2-CVO2)
CaO2-Content of oxygen in alveolar tissue
CVO2-Content of oxygen in resulting venus blood
Q-Flow rate |
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Term
Hemoglobin
-Structure
-How many possible O2's? Why?
-What is a heme? |
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Definition
Structure:
-Composed of 4 polypeptide chains, each of which contains 1 iron ion.
-Each iron ion is capable of binding 1 O2 molecule, so the entire hemoglobin structure can have 4 posssible O2's
-Heme-The iron containing chains of the hemoglobin molecule |
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Term
| Hemoglobin Saturation Curve |
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Definition
Plots hemoglobin over PO2
-Sigmoidal-when one O2 molecule binds to hemoglobin, it makes it easier for others to bind |
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Term
| Percentage of O2 in mixed venous blood and percentage of O2 in blood delivered by lungs |
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Definition
MV blood- 75%
Lung blood- 25% |
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Term
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Definition
High Altitude Pulmonary Ademia
-Fluid accumulates in barrier between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries, increasing distance and decreasing the rate of oxygen diffusion |
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Term
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Definition
High Altitude Cerebral Ademia-
-Increasing fluid in brain tissue, increasing distance and decreasing the rate of oxygen diffusion |
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Term
| Forms of Transferrable CO2 |
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Definition
-As dissolved CO2
-As bicarbonate ions - 69% of total
-Bound to hemoglobin - 21% of total
-As total CO2 |
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Term
| Partial Pressure of CO2 in one lung |
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Definition
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Term
| Amount of CO2 added to system each minute |
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Definition
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Term
| Partial Pressure of CO2 in systemic blood flow |
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Definition
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Term
| Partial Pressure of O2 in one lung |
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Definition
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Term
| Amount of O2 taken from systemic blood each minute |
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Definition
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Term
| Partial Pressure of O2 in systemic blood flow |
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Definition
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