Term
| Antiocoagulants How they work |
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Definition
| Prevent the extension and formation of clots by inhibiting factors in clotting cascade/decreasing bld coagulability |
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Term
| Antiocoagulants side effects |
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Definition
| Hemorrhage, hematuria, Epistaxis, Ecchymosis, bld gums, thrombocytopenia, hypotension |
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Term
| Antiocoagulants Medications |
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Definition
| Oral: Warfarin Sodium (Comadin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Prevents thrombin from converting fibrinogen to fibrin; does not dissolve clots but prevents formation of new thrombus formation |
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Term
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Definition
| Action: low molecular weight heparin; same mechanism of action and use as heparin but is not interchangeable; has a longer half life than heparin; |
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Term
| Warfarin sodium (Coumadin) |
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Definition
| Description: suppresses coagulation by acting as an antagonist of Vitamin K by inhibiting four dependent clotting factors (X, IX, VII, and II); proglongs clotting time and is monitored by PT and INR |
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Term
| Anticoagulants Substances to Avoid With Anticoagulants |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Actions: activate plasminogen; plasminogen generates plasimin (the enzyme that dissolves clots) |
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Term
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Definition
| Alteplase (Activase, tPA) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Actions: inhibit the aggregations of platelets in the clotting process, thereby prolonging the bleeding time; may be used iwth anticoagulants; used in the prophylaxis of long term complications following MI, coronary revascularization, stents |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Positive Inotropic and Cardiotonic Medications |
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Definition
| Actions: stimulate myocardial contractility and produce a positive inotropic effect; short term management of advanced heart failure; improves contractility improves caridac, peripheral kidney function increasing cardiac output decreasing preload improving blodd flood |
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Term
| Positive Inotropic/Cardiotonic Medications DOPAMINE |
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Definition
| used as a short term rescue measure for clients with severe, acute cardiac failure |
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Term
| Positive Inotropic/Cardiotonic Medications DOBUTAMINE |
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Definition
| Used for short term management of HF |
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Term
| Positive Inotropic/Cardiotonic Medications INAMRINONE LACTATE |
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Definition
| Used for short term management of CHF in those who have not responded adequately to cardiac glycosides, diuretics, vasodiltors |
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Term
| Positive Inotropic/Cardiotonic Medications MILRINONE (PRIMACOR) |
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Definition
| Used for short term management of CHF; may be given before heart transplantation |
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Term
| Digoxin (Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin) |
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Definition
| Action: inhibit the sodium potassium pump, thus increasing intracellular calcium, which causes the heart muscle fibers to contract more efficiently; produce a + inotropic action which increases the force of myocardial contractions; a negative chronotropic action which slows the HR; slow velocity through AV node; increase contractility by increasing cardiac output, decreasing workload |
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Term
| Classifications of Diuretics |
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Definition
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Term
| Thiazide and Thiazide like Diuretics Medication |
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Definition
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Term
| Thiazide and Thiazide like Diuretics |
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Definition
| Actions: increase sodium and water excretion by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule of the kidney; |
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Term
| Loop Diuretics Medications |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ACTIONS: inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption from the loop of Henle and the distal tubule; little effect on the blood glucose leve; cause depletion of water and electrolytes; increased uric acide level, excretion of calcium |
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Term
| Osmotic diuretics Medication |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Potassium sparing diuretics medications |
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Definition
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Term
| Potassium sparing diuretics |
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Definition
| Action: act on the distal tubule to promote sodium and water excretion and potassium retention |
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Term
| Peripherally Acting Adrenergic Blockers (Medications) |
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Definition
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Term
| Peripherally Acting Adrenergic Blockers |
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Definition
| Actions: decrease sympathetic vasoconstriction by reducing the effects of norepinephrine at peripheral nerve endings, resulting in vasodilation and decreased BP; used to maintain renal blood flow and hypertension |
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Term
| Centrally Acting Sympatholytics Medication |
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Definition
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Term
| Centrally Acting Sympatholytics |
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Definition
| centrally acting sympatholytics stimulate alpha receptors in the centeral nervous system to inhibit vasoconstriction, thus reducing peripheral resistance |
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Term
| Angiotension Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (Medications) |
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Definition
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Term
| Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blockers Medications |
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Definition
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Term
| Angiotension Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blockers |
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Definition
| -ACE inhibitors prevent peripheral vasoconstriction by blocking conversion of antiotenin 1 to angiotensin 2 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Antianginal Medications Sublingual |
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Definition
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Term
| Antianginal Medications Translingual |
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Definition
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Term
| Antianginal Medications Sustained released |
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Definition
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Term
| Antianginal Medications Transmucosal-buccal |
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Definition
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Term
| Antianginal Medications Patch |
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Definition
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Term
| Antianginal Medications Topical Ointments |
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Definition
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Term
| Antianginal Medications Patches and ointments |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Nitroglycerin tablets to check the expiration date on the medication bottle because expiration may occur w/i 6 months of obtianing the med; tablets will not relieve the chest pain if they have expired |
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Term
| Beta Adrenergic Blockers Medications |
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Definition
| Nonselective (Block B1 and B2) |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibit response to B adrenergic stimulation, thus decresing cardiac output |
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Term
| Calcium Channel Blockers Medications |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| -Decrease cardiac contractility (-inotropic effect by relaxing smooth muscle) and workload of the heart, thus decreasing the need for O2 |
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Term
| Peripheral Vasodilators Medications |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Direct Acting Vasodilators Medications |
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Definition
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Term
| Direct Acting Vasodilators |
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Definition
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Term
| Direct Acting Vasodilators |
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Definition
| Vasodilators cause orthostatic hypotension; instruct the client about safety measures when taking these medications, such as the need to rise from a lying to a sitting or standing position slowly |
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Term
| Miscellaneous vasodilator |
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Definition
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Term
| Antidysrhythmic Medications |
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Definition
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Term
| Class 1A antidysrhythmics |
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Definition
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Term
| Class 1B antidysrhythmics |
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Definition
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Term
| Class 1C Antidysrhythmics |
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Definition
| Flecainide acetate (Tambocor) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Class III Antidysrhythmics |
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Definition
| Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) |
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Term
| Class IV Antidysrhythmics |
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Definition
| Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan, Verelan) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Antidysrhythmics Interventions |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Antilipemic Bile sequestrants Medications |
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Definition
| Cholestyramine (Questran) |
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Term
| Antilipemic Bile sequestrants Medications |
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Definition
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Term
| Antilipemic HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Medications |
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Definition
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Term
| Antilipemic HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Medications |
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Definition
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Term
| Other Antilipemic Medications |
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Definition
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Term
| Other Antilipemic Medications |
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Definition
| -Gemfibrozil should not be taken with anticoagulants because they compete for protein sites; if the client is taking an anticoagulant, the anticoagulant dose should be reduced during antilipemic therapy and the INR should be moniotred losely |
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