Term
| Which one of the following is a subclass of structural isomers? |
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Definition
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Term
| A graduate student worked for his doctorate project and managed to isolate 64 different steroisomers of a very important biochemical compound. How many chiral centers will his compound have? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many chiral centers are in the molecule of glucose (Fisher projection)? |
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Definition
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Term
| An important class of geometrical isomers are? |
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Definition
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Term
| The optical activity of enantionmers can be measured by? |
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Definition
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Term
| A racemic mixture will have the following percentage of the L stereoisomer |
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Definition
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Term
| Ribose a very importatn monosacchardie in RNA is a: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How many molecules of glucose could be found in an oligosaccharide? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Glucose and galactose have a similar chemical structure but they differ in the orientation of the hydroxyl group at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many hydroxyl groups are in the molecule of galactose (Fisher projection) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How many ketone groups are in the molecule of galactose (Fisher projection) |
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Definition
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Term
| A good source of fructose is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| A glycosidic bond is formed from the reaction between |
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Definition
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Term
| The glycosidic bond in sucrose is |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of glycosidic bond cannot be hydrolyzed in lactose intolerant individuals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sugars in our diet are converted by enzymes in our body to |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following carbohydrates is branched? |
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Definition
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Term
| ALpha and beta glucose differ in the orientation of the hydroxyl group linked to |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How many chiral centers are in the Haworth projection of glucose? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How many oxygen atoms do you expect to find in a typical tetrose? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many hydrogen atoms do you expect to find in a typical hexase |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What carbohydrate units form the molecule of glycogen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What glycosidic bond is located at the branching point in amylopectin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following carbohydrates usually has a structural role in plants? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The only difference between ribose and deoxyribose can be found at |
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Definition
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Term
| The Benedict Test for monosaccharides is based on the following property |
|
Definition
| monosaccharides are reducing sugars |
|
|
Term
| How many molecules of glucose do you expect to find between to adjacent branches in the molecule of glycogen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What sugar do you expect to be accumulated in the body of a patient suffering from galactosemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What pollysaccharide adopts a linear helical-three-dimensional configuration? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following is an example of a complex liquid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sucrose hydrolysis will generate |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following C18 fatty acids has the highest melting point? |
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Definition
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Term
| What chemical group is always present in the molecule of a fatty acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What reaction can increase the melting point of a fatty acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Eicosanoids are derivatives of the following fatty acid |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following is NOT obtained from the hydrolysis of a phophoglyceride? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many hydroxyl groups are in the molecule of glycerol? |
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Definition
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Term
| The main reactants of teh saponification reaction are |
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Definition
| a base and fatty acid ester |
|
|
Term
| How many molecules of fatty acid can be obtained from the hydrolysis of a molecule of lecithin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following CANNOT be classified as a subclass of Eiconsanoids? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which one of the following is NOT part of the structure of a galactocerebroside? |
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Definition
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Term
| The pharmacological effect of aspirin is caused by its ability to inhibit the synthesis of |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How many molecules of carbohydrate are in a typical cerebroside? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which one of the following is an example of phosphoglyceride? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which one of the following vitamins is not considered a Lipid? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Fats and oils belong to the follwoing class of lipids? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What lipids form the nerve cell membranes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ones of teh following are nonglyceride lipids? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The difference between fats and oils is determined by |
|
Definition
| the type of fatty acids in the structure |
|
|
Term
| How many fatty acids are in the structure of a monoglyceride? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many free hydroxyl groups are in the structure of a monoglyceride? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whihch one of the following is a neutral lipid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cyclooxygenase is an important enzyme involved in the synthesis of the following lipids? |
|
Definition
| tromboxanes and prostaglandins |
|
|
Term
| The acid hydrolysis of a fatty acid ester will generate |
|
Definition
| A fatty acid and an alcohol |
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following lipids does not have a phosphate group in the structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many carbon atoms are in the molecule of arachidonic acid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many molecules of glycerol are necessary for the synthesis of a molecule of lecithin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What biological process is NOT regulated by eicosanoids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What saturated fatty acid has the highest melting point? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following CANNOT be part of the hydrophillic head of a phosphoglyceride? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The chemical structure of testosterone is based on the follwoing structural unit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many hydrocarbon rings can be found in the cholesterol molecule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is NOT a cellular function for cholesterol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class of hormones regulate carbohydrate metabolism in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What steriod has an anti-inflammation effect? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A wax is formed in the reaction between the following chemical groups |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the products obtained from the hydrolysis of a wax molecule? |
|
Definition
| a fatty acid and an alcohol |
|
|
Term
| What type of lipid is most likely to be found on the surface of lipoprotein particles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a critical part of cellular membranes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cholesterol is transported from liver to cells as part of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a steriod? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A pharmaceutical company discovered a new cholesterol-lowering drug. When testing this drug on patients, what class of lipoproteins do you expect to be significantly decreased in pateints that tested this drug? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The lipid bilayer of cellular membranes is based on? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The fluidity of teh cell membranes is based on the following component in its structure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What classes of lipoproteins have the lowest protein content? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What class of lipoproteins transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is NOT a component of cellular membranes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cellular mechanism is used for cholesterol delivery to the cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VLDL is synthesized in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bile salts are synthesized from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following does not have a chiral center? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a basic amino acid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following has a hydroxyl (OH) group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What amino acid has an aromatic ring in its side chain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is NOT part of the side chain in polar amino acids? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A biochemistry student was able to isolate an amino acid from a human protein. Studying the amino acid, he determined that it belongs to the polar neutral amino acids class. However, he was not able to identify any hydroxyl or amide groups on the side chain. What amino acid was located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amino acids are classified based on |
|
Definition
| polarity of the side chain |
|
|
Term
| How many polypetide chains can be found in the typical quaternary structure of collagen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ones are not proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many iron ions can be found in the quaternary structure of hemoglobin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of chemical interaction stabilizes protein secondary structures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The overall charge of a zwitterion at the isoelectric point is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following peptide: Lys-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Glu-Glu. How many peptide bonds are in this peptide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following peptide: Lys-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Glu-Glu. What is the amino terminus amino acid in this peptide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider teh following peptide: Lys-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Glu-Glu. What is the carboxy terminus amino acid in the peptide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following peptide: Lys-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Glu-Glu. If the peptide is hydrolyzed into two equal haves, which one will have acidic properties? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following peptide: Lys-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Glu-Glu. How many disulfide bonds can this peptide form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following peptide: Lys-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Glu-Glu. How many nonpolar amino acids will generate the complete hydrolysis of this polypeptide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What level of protein structure is altered during protein hydrolysis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one is NOT true about enzymes? |
|
Definition
| They can only work in the presence of coenzymes |
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following enzymes is a transferase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutases belong to the following class of enzymes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphatase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A newly discovered enzyme is able to catalyze teh addition of a phosphate group to any peptide made of eight amino acids. This is a typical example of a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe oxidized form of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following could be a cofactor for an enzyme |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The reduced form of the coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of teh following is a cofactor but NOT a coenzyme? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the reason for the inactivity of most enzymes at pH 2? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe conversion of galactose into glucose in the small intestine is catalyzed by a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Triglyceride digestion in the small intestine is catalyzed by a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A researcher was able to identify the three dimensional conformation of an enzyme using X RAy crystallography. He was surprised to see that the shape of the enzyme is different when the substrate is bound. This is a clear proof that |
|
Definition
| the induced fit model is valid |
|
|
Term
| During the formation of the transition state |
|
Definition
| the enzyme might put stress on a bond, bring thee substrates into close proximity, might modify the pH of the microenvironment |
|
|
Term
| The following enzyme belongs to the class of isomerases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What enzymes do not belong to the class of hydrolases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It is most likely that urease has |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most important part of any enzyme is |
|
Definition
| the catalytic active site |
|
|
Term
| The optimal pH of the enzyme pepsin is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An aldohexose is in the L conformation if |
|
Definition
| the hydroxyl group linked to C5 is on the left side |
|
|
Term
| How many chiral centers are in the structure of a typical triose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is NOT true when talking about enantiomers? |
|
Definition
| They are determined by the rigidity of the C=C double bond |
|
|
Term
| An example of a geometrical isomer is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What chemical group is always present in the structure of monsaccharides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many carbon atoms are found in a molecule of deoxyribose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the maximum number of enantiomers a biomolecule with 4 chiral centers could have have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following monosaccharides is a pentose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following monosaccharides is a ketose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| D-Ribose, a sugar found in nucelic acids, rotates polarized left in a counterclockwise direction. It is considered to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A chemist can obtain glucose from fructose using the following chemical reaction in the lab |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lactose intolerant individuals have genetic mutations affecting the enzyme repsonsible for the digestion of the following glycosidic bond |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What glyosidic bond is found in both amylopectin and amylose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An enzyme that is able to hydrolyze the following bond is necessary for cellulose digestion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a non-reducing sugar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is NOT a polysaccharide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What glycosidic bond is found in glycogen but not amylose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of saturated fatty acids? |
|
Definition
| They are liquid at room temperature |
|
|
Term
| Which one is true for an unsaturated fatty acid? |
|
Definition
| It is most likely to contain cis double bonds |
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a class of nonglyceride lipids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a class of nonglyceride lipids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a class of nonglyceride lipids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a class of nonglyceride lipids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is not part of cellular membranes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cholesterol is delivered to the cells through the process of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHich of the following is NOT a steroid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LDL is synthesized in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The only amino acid with a free thiol (SH) group is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following amino acids is NOT non-polar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a basic amino acid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is NOT a polar amino acid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following amino acids has a free hydroxyl group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following amino acids has more than one carboxyl group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of chemical interaction stablizes the protein primary structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe most common type of protein secondary structure is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What pair of amino acids could form a salt bridge in the tertiary structure of a protein? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following proteins has quaternary structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protein has the strongest affinity (attraction) for oxygen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A peptide bond is formed in the reaction between the following chemical groups |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In glycoproteins, the carbohydrate part is a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many heme groups can be found in the molecule of myogolbin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is an essential amino acid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What level of protein structure is not altered during protein denaturation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A newly discovered fatty acid dehydrogenase is capable to convert any saturated fatty acid in an unsaturated fatty acid. WHat type of specificity does this enzyme have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What enzymes do NOT belong to the class of hydrolases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A newly discovered enzyme is able to catalyze the removal of a methyl group from any nucleotide in the structure of DNA. We can consider this enzyme to have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one is NOT true about the enzyme catalytic active site? |
|
Definition
| it binds the substrate with strong covalent bonds |
|
|
Term
| Which one is NOT true about enzymes |
|
Definition
| They incresase the energy of activation for metabolic reactions |
|
|
Term
| Epimerases belong to the following class of enzymes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme lipase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is not a class of enzyme specificity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is a good example of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the typical characteristic of the induced fit model of enzyme activity |
|
Definition
| flexibility of the catalytic active site |
|
|
Term
| The nucleoid is characteristic for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The covalent bond that links the nucleotides in the DNA structure is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sugar component of DNA is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is an important component of DNA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a purine nitrogen base? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FOr the DNA sequence GTGACACA how many hydrogen bonds are formed when paired with the complementary sequence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For the DNA sequence 5'-GAATTCACTA-3' which one of the following is the complementary strand? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following sequences could be part of the pepsin gene? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The "backbone" of the DNA primary structure is formed from |
|
Definition
| sugars and phosphate groups |
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following sequence of mRNA: 5'-C-C-C-A-A-A-G-A-U-G-C-G-A-C-U-C-C-G-G-G-C-C-U-A-G-C-C-A-3' What are the start and stop codons on this sequence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following sequence of mRNA: 5'-C-C-C-A-A-A-G-A-U-G-C-G-A-C-U-C-C-G-G-G-C-C-U-A-G-C-C-A-3'How many amino acids will have the polypeptide synthesized based on this mRNA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following sequence of mRNA: 5'-C-C-C-A-A-A-G-A-U-G-C-G-A-C-U-C-C-G-G-G-C-C-U-A-G-C-C-A-3' When this mRNA will be translated, the first codon that will occupy the P site on the ribosme will be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following sequence of mRNA: 5'-C-C-C-A-A-A-G-A-U-G-C-G-A-C-U-C-C-G-G-G-C-C-U-A-G-C-C-A-3' When this mRNA will be translated, the first codon that will occupy the A site on the ribosome will be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following sequence of mRNA: 5'-C-C-C-A-A-A-G-A-U-G-C-G-A-C-U-C-C-G-G-G-C-C-U-A-G-C-C-A-3' The first amino acid in the polypeptide synthesized based on the above mRNA sequence will be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Please consider the following sequence of mRNA: 5'-C-C-C-A-A-A-G-A-U-G-C-G-A-C-U-C-C-G-G-G-C-C-U-A-G-C-C-A-3' The tRNA that will bring the fourth amino to the ribosome will have the following anticodon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The main enzyme involved in the transcription is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is NOT a STOP codon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intrachain A=U hydrogen bonding are only characteristic of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The termination of protein translation involves the presence of |
|
Definition
|
|
