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| Substance changes form or state only. e.g. boiling, melting, freezing, dissolving, grinding, cutting |
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| New substances are formed with new chemical and physical properties. e.g. oxygen and hydrogen form water, sodium and chlorine form salt (sodium chloride) |
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| List the three states of matter in order of increasing density. |
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gas: neither definite shape nor volume
liquid: definite volume; takes shape of container
solid: definite size and shape |
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Identify as element, compound, or mixture:
sand |
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Identify as element, compound, or mixture:
air |
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Identify as element, compound, or mixture:
gold |
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Identify as element, compound, or mixture:
water |
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Identify as element, compound, or mixture:
salt |
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Identify as element, compound, or mixture:
hydrogen |
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| Properties which can be observed without altering the substance. e.g. color, odor, hardness, density, luster, state, conductivity, solubility, boiling point and melting point |
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| Observed when a substance changes into a new substance. e.g. Iron forms rust in air and water; gasoline burns in oxygen. |
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| Einstein's Law of Conservation of Mass-Energy |
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| E=mc2 The sum-total of mass and energy remains constant in a reaction, but mass and energy may be interconverted. |
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| A sharply defined, uniform region in a mixture. e.g. oil and vinegar in salad dressing; ice and water in a frozen pond |
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mass/volume
units: g/mL g/L kg/L |
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| Calculate the density of a rock with mass = 10 g, and volume = 5 mL |
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| A substance composed of identical atoms. e.g. gold, silver, oxygen, hydrogen, lead, chlorine, helium, iron, copper, fluorine, arsenic |
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Substance composed of two or more different elements chemically combined. e.g.
water, H2O
salt, NaCl
sugar, C6H12O6
ammonia, NH3 |
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| A combination of substances held together by physical means. e.g. dirt, milk, soup, saltwater, granite |
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| Uniform in composition. e.g. air, metal alloy, salt, water |
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| Not uniform in composition. e.g. spaghetti sauce, salad |
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