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EXAM
EXAM 1
128
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
09/27/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Definition
all body movement that cause increase in physical exertion beyond what happens during normal activity
Term
ADHERENCE
Definition
Maitaining an individually Volunteered and independently chosen exercise program over PROLONGED period of time
Term
ADOPTION
Definition
To begin an Exercise program.
Term
BARRIERS
Definition
Elements that prevent an individual from exercising
Term
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Definition
A field of study to understand who, where, when, why, and what
Term
EXERCISE
Definition
A specific form of physical activity that is performed to improvr physical fitness, physical performance, or health
Term
EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY
Definition
A field of study to understand the COGNITIONS, preceptions, and emotions in an exercise context
Term
HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
Definition
A field of study to understand cognitions, perceptions, and emotions related to health and health care.
Term
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Definition
Any bodily movement produced by the skeletal muscles that require energy expenditures above what is typical rest.
Term
REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY
Definition
A field of study to understan the influence of physical activity on the disabled, impaired, or diseased states.
Term
SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE
Definition
A chronic patter of inactivity
Term
CONCURRENT VALIDITY
Definition
The correlation of a measure with a criterion measure
Term
DURATION
Definition
The temporal length of physical activity that is ofter expressed in minutes
Term
INTENSITY
Definition
The degree of overload a physical activity imposes on physiological systems compared to resting states
Term
METABOLOC EQUIVALENTS
Definition
Multiples of resting rate of oxygen consumption during physical activity
Term
OBJECTIVE
Definition
Type of assesment techniques that use technology to provide quantitative data, which helps to avoid biases and inaccuracies of recal
Term
SUBJECTIVE
Definition
The Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire and 7 day recal questionnaire are examples of
Term
What is know as the GOLD STANDARD
Definition
Doubly Labeled Water
Term
What type of criterion assessment technique is considered the most accurate assessment tool of energy expenditure in humans
Definition
Doubly Labeled Water
Term
What is a consequence of body movement related to body size?
Definition
ENERGY EXPENDITURE
Term
CATECHOLAMINES
Definition
Helps the flight or fight reponse ... helps prepare body to handle stressors
Term
Cross- Stressor Adaptation Hypothesis
Definition
Stressors of stufficient intensity and or/ duration will induce adaptation of the stress response systems that will be apparent under similarly taxing states
Term
Distress
Definition
Negative Stressors
Term
Eustress
Definition
Positive Stressors
Term
Stress
Definition
What we experience when we face challenges
Term
Stress Reactivity
Definition
The magnitude of the stress response
Term
Stress Recovery
Definition
The duration of the stress response
Term
Stressors
Definition
Externalor internal challenges
Term
Name two catecholamines involved in STRESS RESPONSE!
Definition
Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
Term
MENTAL DISORDER
Definition
Health conditions characterized by alterations in thinking, moodm and or behavior associated with distresss and or impaired fuctioning
Term
Mental Health
Definition
A state of successful performance of mental functioning resulting in productive activities, fulfilling relationships and the ability to ADAPT to change and cope with adversity
Term
MENTAL ILLNESS
Definition
Term
MENTAL ILLNESS
Definition
All diagnosable mental disorders
Term
STATE ANXIETY
Definition
A transient emotional state characterized by feelings of apprehension and physiological activation
Term
TRAIT ANXIENTY
Definition
The PREDISPOSITION to respond with aprehension worry and nervousness across many situations
Term
POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
Definition
anxiety disorder best characterized by disturbances following exposure to extreme trauma
Term
SOCIAL PHOBIA
Definition
Persistent Anxiety abouyt public speaking is an example of this
Term
Anthropological Hypothesis
Definition
Humans are GENETICALLY desugned to be physically active and when not, we are at an increased risk of mental health problems such as depression
Term
Bipolar Disorder
Definition
Mixed episodes of Mania and Depression
Term
DYSTHYMIA
Definition
Chronic, mild, (less than 5 persistent symptoms of depression)
Term
ENDORPHIN HYPOTHESIS
Definition
Exercise reduces depression because it increases the release of the body's natural pain killers that help people feel better
Term
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
Definition
Depressed mood and loss of interest in pleasurable primary symptoms
Term
SOCIAL INTERACTION HYPOTHESIS
Definition
Exercise reduces depression because it provides opportunitites for individuals to interact with others
Term
MONOAMINE HYPOTHESIS
Definition

explains the effects of exercise on depression by the depletion of the levels of several brain neurotransmitters. Please list 3/4

 

SERATONIN

DOPAMINE

EPINEPHRINE

Term
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER
Definition
Recurrent thought abiut germs that leads to exessive hand washing in an example of an anxienty disorder called this
Term
GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER
Definition
anxiety disorder my worry lasting more than 6 months and is accompanied by multiple symptoms such as insomnia and muscle tension
Term
COGNITIVE FUCTION
Definition
The ability to percieve, recognize, or understand thoughts and ideas
Term
DOSE RESPSONSE
Definition
How much physical activity is necessary to obtain desireable results
Term
EXECUTIVE CONTROL
Definition
Processes that control cognitive functions oriented toward goal- directed behavior such as scheduling and planning
Term
SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY
Definition
The ability of connections between neurons to change in strength
Term
Working Memory
Definition
The ability to hiold relevant information in ones mind for relatively short periods of time
Term
t/f there is a SMaLL POSITIVE relationship between physical fitness and academic performance
Definition
TRUE
Term
T/F the dose of physical activity that is required to produce a change in cognitive function has been identified
Definition
F
Term
The brain changes in structure and function with advancing age
Definition
TRUE
Term
EMERGENCE OF EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY
Definition
3000 years ago
Term
Biopsychological approach
Definition
belief that body mind and social environment work together
Term
Medical Model
Definition
before people were treated with medicine
Term
Morbidity
Definition
disease
Term
NORMAN TRIPLET
Definition

1890s first research in sports psychology

cyclist if paired they went faster

Term
COLEMAN GRIFFITH
Definition

1930-1920S

Grandfather of the field

First lab at university of illinois in Sport Psychology

Term
FRANKLIN HENRY
Definition

1940-5os

First Program at the University of California Berkley in psychology of physical activity

Term
BRUCE OGILIVE
Definition

1970s - 1980s

took research out of the lab. CONSULTANT worked with athletes directly

Term
Norman Triplet was incharge of
Definition
Social Facilitation- the cyclist did better when socially pressured I.e partenered
Term
Three Main Occupations in Sports Exercise Specialist
Definition

RESEARCH

TEACHING
CONSULTING

Term
HOW MANY TYPES OF SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY COLNSULTING ARE THERE?
Definition

2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2

TWOOOOO

Term
Name the type of sports psychology
Definition
Term
Name two types of sports consulting
Definition

Clinical Sports Psychologist

Educational Sports Psychologist

Term
Clinical Sports Psychologist can..
Definition
work with anyone! usually PHD
Term
Educational Sports Psychologist Consultans can..
Definition
Kinesiology and Only athletes
Term
t/f 50% of people who begin an exercise program drop out the first 6 Weeks
Definition
True True True
Term
SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY AND IMPORTANT PEOPLE begins in
Definition

1890s

Norman Triplet- social... cyclist

Coleman Griffith- granfather at UNI of Cali

Franklin Henry took it out of the lab

Bruce Olivge- consultan

Term
1980s
Definition
Journals begin adding EXERCISE to titles
Term
4 parameters of Physical Activity
Definition

Type

Frequency

Duration

Intensity

 

Just think type FDI

Term
VALIDITY
Definition

Is it testing accurately what it is supposed to test

 

the ability to accuratley asses what it is supposed to assess

Term
CONCURRENT VALIDITY
Definition
Type of validity....involving the correlation with criterion...or gold standard
Term
Weinberg and Gould
Definition
2003 developed psychological skills to enhance performance
Term
adherence vs complience
Definition

adherence is maitining an exercise because you choose to by ur self

 

Complience someone else perscribes the program for you

Term
Physical Activity guidline for adults
Definition

Moderately internse cardio 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week

or

Do vigorously intense cardio 20 minutes a day, 3 times a week

 

and

Do 8-10 Strength traigning exercises 8-12 repetitions of each2 times a week

Term
METS
Definition
rate of OXYGEN use energy expenditure is used in METS
Term
Instrument Check list
Definition

Valid- testing what it needs to test

Reliable- Are the data consistent

Objective- where the data collected without investigator bias

Feasible- how practical is it to administer the test

 

V-ROF

Term
Types of Validity
Definition

Construct- the extend to which the test measures the theoretical construct it is intended to measure

 

Concurrent- The correlation of a measure with a criterion or gold standard measure

Term
Types of Reliability
Definition

test-retest- the ability of a test to yield consistent stable scores

 

Interrater (interobserver)- the ability of different observers to provide similar results for a given individual or construct

Term
types of physical activity assesment techniques
Definition

subjective,objective, criterion

 

there are three SOC

Term
Subjective examples
Definition

self-report

interview questionaires

Diary Method

Term
Advantages of questionaires
Definition

Questionaires are easy to adminster

inexpensive

easy to score

ability to asses large samples quickly

Term
Disadvantages of questionaires
Definition

SUBJECTIVE

 

socially desireable bias

recal limitations

recency effect

unfamiliar terminology

Term
Diaries advantages
Definition

advantages

 

inexpensice to collect

can collect from large sample at once

provide detailled information

Term
Diary disadvantages
Definition

expensive to annalyze

 

time consuming to analyze

 

accuracy decreases as diarie collection increases

 

Should not collect in children under 10

Term
OBJECTOVE TECHINICE FOR PA
Definition

pedometers

Accelerometes

Heart Rate monitors

GPS

Term

PA Assesment Technique

Criterion

Definition

Behavioral Observation

Doubly Labled Water

Inderecto Calorimetry

Term
Behavioral Obeservation
Definition
Accuracy decreases as observation time increases
Term
FITTS
Definition

stands for

frequency

Intensity

Time

Type

Term
Instrument Checklist
Definition
VROF
Term
example of Construct Validity
Definition
Physical Fitness VO2 max
Term
CONCURRENT
Definition

Bioelectrical impedance----dexa

Physical activity quest.....

Term
Interrator/observer
Definition
85% or greaters can be considered reliable
Term
Subejective is called subjective because?
Definition
it can be opened to bias
Term
META ANALYSIS
Definition
a method of reviewing a large body of research evidence that is both systematic and quantitative
Term
ES
Definition
Effect Sizes
Term
.20 small
Definition
Term
.50 medium
Definition
Term
.80
Definition
large
Term
Assesment of Stress
Definition

Questionaires

perceived stress scale

life expectancy survey

 

Physiological

heart rate

blood pressure

skin response, hormonal, EMG

Term
Physical activity reduces what in stress
Definition
Magnitude of the Response
Term
Physical Fitness can also help
Definition
the ability to recover
Term
Meta Analysis for Stress
Definition
Small meta analysis small effect sizes
Term
Acute Stress
Definition

Short Lived

major life events; something goes wrong or happens unexpectedly

Term
Episodic
Definition
frequent acute stress feel disorderly in perpetual crisis, chaotic or out of control
Term
chronic
Definition

unrelenting demands

pressure seems un bearable

long term un employment assult, rape, relationsho[ family, caring for sick

Term
Anxiety
Definition
Natural response to threat that happens at certain point in the stress response sharpens attention
Term
anxiety is
Definition
associated witht the emergence of a negative form of cognition appraisal typified to worry self doubt apprehension
Term
state anxiety
Definition
an existing or current emotional state
Term
Trait anxiety
Definition
a predisposition to respind across many situtations with high levels of anxiety
Term
Anxiety Disorder
Definition
symptoms and behavior so frequent and severe when no real threat
Term
types of anxiety
Definition

Panic

OCD

Post traumatic stress disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Phobias

social phobia

agoraphobia

specifict phobia- arachnophobia

Term
Assesment of Anxiety
Definition

DSM

QUESTIONAIRES

PHYSIOLOGICAL

Term
Treatment for anxiety
Definition

drug therapy

psychotherapy

mediation/relaxtation training

Term
META ANALYSIS for anxiety
Definition
medium- .48
Term
gender had a larger effect on anxiety
Definition
male had larger activity
Term
dos response effects for anxiety
Definition
3-4 times a week
Term
Depression
Definition
feeling of sadness
Term
mood disorders
Definition

majore depressive disorders

dysthymic disorder

Bipolar disoreder

postpartum Depression

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Term
Assesment of Depression
Definition

DSM diagnosis of disorder

Back Depression Inventory

 

Questionaires

POMS

Center of Epidemiology Studies Depression

Geriatric Depression ScAle

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