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The process by which two identical sounds are make unlike, or two similar sounds are made to be opposite"
The process by which one of two similar sounds in a word is replaced by a different one.
Examples from class: pilgrim, marble
in Greek: thrix- trichos "hair"
*see notes from class*
OR page 70 |
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Opposite of Dissimilation:
a sound becomes similar or identical to a neighboring sound. |
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'pertaining to, like, of'
FEMIN
CAN |
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'possessing, being, etc'
CUR
EQU
FAVOR
PLIC |
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'care'
ad-CUR-ate= accurate |
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'equal'
ad-EQU-ate adequate (literally made equal to) |
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'to fold'
ex-PLIC-ate explicit |
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'equivalent to the english present participle ending -ing'
URG
PAR |
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'to press'
-eng urgent (literally pressing) |
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'to appear'
ad-PAR-ent apparent (literally appearing) |
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'to watch'
-and vigilant (literally watching) |
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'to do'
-ent agent (literally person doing) |
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'to live'
in-HABIT-ant inhabitant (literally person living) |
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'to stick'
ad-HER-ant adherent (literally person sticking to) |
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"to serve"
-ant servant (literally person serving) |
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Dissimilation:
-marble
-pilgrim |
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| Marble: [Grk. marmaros "any hard stone"< "marble because of association with Grk. marmaireine |
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| Dissimilation of aspirates in Greek |
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| thrix, trichos (not *thrichos) "hair" (hence, trichinosis, trichology, ulotrichous, etc.) and thapto "i bury" but etaphen "i was buried" (not *ethaphen)>taphos "tomb" (epitaph, cenotaph, etc) |
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Metaphorical Extension: /Dissimilation
(Pupil, Peculiar) |
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pupil :black part of the eye, young student, small child [L. pupilla "little eye/doll" (akin Gkore)
Peculiar: [L. peculiaris "of personal property", "of ones own/individual/distinct or strange"
L. pecus "cattle", peculium "ones property"/"slaves property" |
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Specialization of Meaning:
-Pulpit
-Meat
-Coffin/Coffer |
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Pulpit: elevated platform or high reading desk used in preaching or conducting a worship service (would punish by cutting off head and hands and placing on pulpit in front of crowd), preaching profession, preaching position
Meat: ME metefood--->meat
Coffin/Coffer: stone coffins in ancient times to store bodes were sarcophagi< family of flies "sarcophagidae"
[Grk. sarko "flesh" phagos "to eat"= "flesh-eating"
origionally greeks called the stone coffins sarkaphagos lithos "flesh eating stone"///
Coffer: ME coffre, L. cophinus "basket" Grk. kophinos
flesh eating flies---> coffins |
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Generalization of Meaning:
-decimate
-berserk
-treacle |
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| Decimate: Decim "tenth" destruction of one tenth military unit: now refers to the destruction of any large part
Berserk: ON berserkr - ber "bear"= serkr "shirt" : ancient scandinavian warrior frenzied in battle and held to be invulnerable---> one whose actions are recklessly defiant
treacle: [ME triacle< L. theriaca< Grk. theriake "antidote against a poisonous bite" blend of molasses, sugar and corn syrup used as syrup |
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Alternation of Specialization and Generalization:
-Quarantine
-Assassin |
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| Assassin- word which entered the languages of europe during the crusades, when the members of a certain mohammedan sect having vowed the killing of christian leaders, made use of the narcotic hashish to work themselves into a state of frenzy sufficient for the dangerous task. Assassin (arabic, hashshashin) first meant "eater of hashish" then, "hashish-eating terrorists" then "treacherous murderer" under influence or not of drugs.
Quarentine- [ |
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