Term
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Definition
| S pyrogenes, accompanied by scarlet fever, enter URT through respiratory droplets, erythrogenic exotoxins, TREAT: penicillin |
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Term
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Definition
| affects hearta nd joins, can cause permanent heart damage called rheumatic heart disease |
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Term
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Definition
| local infection of throat, URT, respiratory droplet transmission, produces exotoxins that inhibits translation--> accum. of dead WBC AKA pseudomembrane, which thickens on the tonsils/pharynx and causes suffocation, TREAT: DTaP vaccine, antiobio, antitoxins (erythromycin, penicillin) |
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Term
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Definition
| localized infection invades the blood and then the meninges; rapidly developing inflamm., N. MENINGITIDIS, S. PNEUMONIAE, H. INFLUENZAE: ENCAPSULATED RESPIR. DROPLETS, NORMAL MICROBIOTA, ALL ONLY IN HUMANS; TREAT: conjugate vaccines (menomune, menactra) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| swelling of the brain, and inflamm. of meninges |
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Term
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Definition
| LRT, whooping cough, exotoxins destroy ciliated epithelium cells; 1] catarrhal (cough) 2] paroxysmal (mucus clearance, gasping for air) 3] convalescent (erythromycin reduces druation and severity); fluid buildup--> space needed for obtaining oxyg. and dispelling CO2 is reduced; TREAT: DTaP, erythromycin, merthiolate |
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Term
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Definition
| Small aerosolized droplets; acid fast stain; cell wall = waxy and gram stain will not penetrate; macrophages acc. in the lungs and form tubercule;... Primary TB infects 1] primary active TB 10% or 2] latent TB infection 90%..... 2] becomes a] secondary active TB with reactiv. of bacilli or b] no TB disease...... TREAT: PPD test (purified protein derivative), refampin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, streptomycin, isoniazid |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by s. pneumoniae, aerosolized droplets; lobar, double, or patches in resp. tract AKA bronchopenumonia; s. Aureus --> nosocomoal pneumonia; K. pneumoniae starts as secondary infection in those with impaired pulmonary function; TREAT: penicillin or cefotaxime |
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Term
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Definition
| primary atypical pneumonia (primary=caused in healthy indiv; atypical=organisms diff and symptoms differ); walking pneumonia since it's mild in symptoms; G+ but it will stain negative b/c it lacks a cell wall; FRIED EGG agar; no sensitivity to penicillin; TREAT: erythromycin, tetracycline |
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Term
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Definition
| lives where water collects and becomes airborne in the wind; aerosol (no person to person transmission); develops within week; TREAT: erythromycin |
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Term
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Definition
| biofilm= contains salivary proteins, food debris, bacterial cells |
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Term
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Definition
| plaque building, dietary carbs, acidogenic (acid producing) bacteria |
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Term
| s. mutans and s. sobrinus |
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Definition
| acidogenic bacteria; ferment dietary carbs in to lactic acid; demineralization of enamel follows (cavity--> dentin layer reached where disease is accelerated |
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Term
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Definition
| etiologic agents: mixed infection by anerobic, gram-negative bacterial |
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Term
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Definition
| bacterial TOXINS are ingested in food or h2o; food poisoning; exotoxin contaminated food; happens in intestinal tract; brief incubation period, quick resolution, toxins --> food poisoning, diarrhea and/or vomiting |
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Term
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Definition
| live bacterial PATHOGENS in food/h2o are ingested and grow in body; longer incubation; bacterial GI infections --> inflamm. condition or invasive gastroenteritis (dysentery); dehydration; loss of water and electrolytes |
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Term
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Definition
| neurotoxin inhibits the release of neurotransmitter Acetocholine preventing the contraction of muscles causing flaccid paralysis and respiratory arrest; TREAT: antitoxins, life support systems |
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Term
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Definition
| susceptible to stomach acid, need laaaaaarge infectious dose, fecal contamination; fluid loss; TREAT: restoration of h2o and electrolytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| G+, causes psuedomembranous colitis (severe diarrhea, fever, colon can rupture); people taking antibiotics over long period of time are predisposed because good bacteria in intestine is destroyed too |
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Term
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Definition
| cause listeriosis, fecal contam. food, and milk, affects pregger women, newborn, elderly--> meningitis; psychrophilic (refrigeration temp thriving) |
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Term
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Definition
| foodborne infect., unpasteurized milk/poultry |
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Term
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Definition
| escherichia coli normally found in the human intestine; ETEC toxin causes gastroenteritis; EPEC cause diarrhea in infant; EHEC bloody diarrhea (kidney failure and worse) |
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Term
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Definition
| contam. poultry/dairy, raw milk; most common gasteroenteritis in the USA |
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Term
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Definition
| spread from person to person because of H. pylori; bacteria produce urease --> ammonia; destroys mucous secreting cells |
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Term
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Definition
| rash from tick, lice, flea vectors |
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Term
| Rocky Mountain spotted fever |
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Definition
| rickettsia ricketsii;ticks; high fever, headaches, skin rash |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| anaplasma phagocytophilum |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| borrelia burgdorferi (bite of small tick); 1) bull's eye rash 2) skin heart nervous system joints 3)develops chronic arthritis and swelling in joints TREAT: antibiotics |
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