Term
| Adverse Childhood Events (ACEs) Study |
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Definition
| exposure is associated w/ depressive disorders |
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Term
| Biopsychosocial Dimensions of Chronic Depression |
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Definition
| emotional, physical & sexual abuse, emotional & physiological neglect trigger biological response of HPA over-reactivity & psychological response of cognitive-emotional retardation & maturation significantly inhibited |
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Term
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Definition
| hippocampus volume shrinkage, inhibition of neuronal growth, inhibition of "off switch" for secretion of cortisol |
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Term
| Episodic Unipolar Depressive Disorders Characteristic |
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Definition
| major depression that patient comes out by 9 months mark w/ or w/o treatment; 1 episode or recurrent w/ inter-episode recovery |
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Term
| Episodic Unipolar Depressive Disorders Onset & Prevalence |
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Definition
| mid 20s; 90% can tell what made them depressed; 16% experienced at least 1 major depressive episode in life span; 6% diagnosed in year |
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Term
| Chronic Unipolar Depressive Disorders Characteristics |
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Definition
| starts in adolescence & has been continuously depressed for 1 year (age < 20 years old) & 2 years (> 21 years), must not have been depression free for > 8 weeks |
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Term
| Chronic Unipolar Depressive Disorders |
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Definition
| Dysthymia, Double Depression, Recurrent Depression w/o inter-episode recovery |
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Term
| Episodic Unipolar Depressive Disorders |
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Definition
| Major Depression Single Episode & Major Depression Recurrent w/ inter-episode recovery |
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Term
| Major Depressive Episode Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
| 5 or more symptoms present during same 2 week period & represent change from previous functioning; at least 1 symptom either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure: depressed mood most of day nearly everyday; diminished interest; significant weight loss when not dieting; insomnia or hypersomnia; fatigue; psychomotor agitation or retardation; feeling worthless; diminished ability to think; recurrent thoughts of death |
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Term
| Dysthymic Disorder Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
| depressed mood for most of day, for more days than not for at least 2 years; insidious onset; presence of 2 or more symptoms, never w/o symptoms more than 2 months at a time: poor appetite or overeating; insomnia or hypersomnia; fatigue; low self-esteem; poor concentration; feelings of hopelessness |
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Term
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Definition
| do not know what made them depressed |
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Term
| Pure Dysthymia Clinical Course |
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Definition
| Depressive Disorder below normal mood baseline for > or equal to 2 years |
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Term
| Double Depression Clinical Course |
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Definition
| onset of Depressive Disorder, then develop Major Depression w/o inter-episode recovery |
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Term
| Chronic Major Depression Clinical Course |
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Definition
| onset of Major Depression w/ course > or equal to 2 years; or onset of Major Depression inter-episode partial recovery |
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Term
| Early Onset vs Late Onset |
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Definition
| early: before 21 years old; late: after 20 years old |
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Term
| Unipolar vs Bipolar Disorders |
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Definition
| unipolar: always below normal mood baseline; bipolar: cycling above & below normal mood baseline |
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Term
| Bereavement or Uncomplicated Guilt Reaction leads to _____ after ___ months following loss |
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Definition
| Major Depressive Disorder...2 months |
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Term
| Uncomplicated Guilt Symptoms |
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Definition
| guilt other than loss, death thoughts other than survivor loss; worthlessness feelings; psychomotor retardation; severe functional impairment; hallucinatory experiences |
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Term
| Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) |
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Definition
| mood disorder characterized by depression related to certain season of the year - especially fall & winter associated w/ fluctuations in the exposure to natural light; melatonin secreted in darkness to help sleep so SAD is related to over production of melatonin |
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Term
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Definition
| reaction to death of a loved one; symptoms characteristic of a Major Depressive Episode |
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Term
| Hypomania Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
| distinct period of persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting at least 4 days - clearly different from usual non-depressed mood & is observable by others; 3 or more symptoms: inflated self-esteem; decreased need for sleep; more talkative than usual; flight of ideas, mind racing; distractibility; increase in goal-directed activity socially or sexually or psychomotor agitation; excessive involvement in pleasurable activities w/ high potential for painful consequences; not severe enough to cause impairment in functioning |
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Term
| Manic Episode Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
| distinct period of abnormally & persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood lasting for at least 1 week or any duration if hospitalized, sufficiently severe enough for impairment in functioning; 3 or more symptoms: inflated self-esteem; decreased need for sleep; more talkative; mind racing; distractibility; increase in goal-directed activity; excessive involvement in pleasurable activities |
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Term
| Bipolar II Disorder Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
| presence/history of 1 or more Major Depressive Episodes; at least 1 Hypomanic Episode; never been Manic Episode; symptoms cause clinically significant distress to functioning |
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Term
| Bipolar I Disorder Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
| presence/history of 1 or more Manic Episode; at least 1 Major Depression Episode; never Hypomanic Episode |
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Term
| Cyclothymic Disorder Diagnostic Criteria |
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Definition
| for at least 2 years, presence of numerous periods w/ hypomanic symptoms; no Major Depressive Episode, Manic Episode or Mixed Episode; symptoms not due to direct physiological effects of substance; symptoms cause clinically significant distress to functioning |
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