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Exam #2 Review
Primates
29
Anthropology
Undergraduate 2
04/14/2009

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Cards

Term
Melanin
Definition
This pigmentation is found in the skin-protects us from UV Radiation-gives skin brown
Term
Estrus
Definition
Occuring in female reproductive cycle-of catarrhines-refers to limited span of time which female is sexually receptive
Term
Post-Orbital Bar
Definition
The primate derived feature is a form of protection surrounding eyes-lowest degree of protection found amongst prosimians
Term
Generalized Species
Definition
This type of species is highly adaptable and can adjust to a wide variety of environmental circumstances
Term
Visual Predation Hypothesis
Definition
This theory attempts to account for selection of primate derived traits by focusing on the activities of early primates hunting in tress
Term
Sexual Dimorphism
Definition
Concept refers to differences between males and females of a species unrelated to genitalia
Term
Shared Derived Traits
Definition
To determine shared evolutionary history and establish phylogenetic relationships between orgranisms scientists use what traits
Term
Kline
Definition
This unit of analysis examines worldwide distribution of single trait at a specific frequency-scientists prefer this concept over race cince it is more meaningful from the standpoint of biology
Term
Prehensile
Definition
A primate trait of being able to use the hands, feet and sometimes tail as a grasping appendage is referred to as
Term
Con-Specific
Definition
Primates will defend their territory against these types of organisms-member of same species and would be competing for the same resources
Term
Social Dominance Hierarchy
Definition
Among primates, this is a system of ranked status that is sustained by threat of hostile behavior, primates will attempt to avoid actual physical violence if at all possible, since doing so can be lethal for one or both parties involved
Term
Prosimians
Definition
Most members of this primate group posses post orbital bar, toilet claws, and are nocturnal, they most resemble the earliest primates found in the fossil record
Term
Hybrid Vigor
Definition
In the annual editions-this is the bio response to racist ideas about race mixing, cites biological evidence that crosses between highly diverse parents produce a genetically heartier, more resilient offspring
Term
Tarsiers
Definition
According to the alternative primate classification these orgranisms were once counted as prosimians but should be reclassified w/ anthropoids
Term
Folic Acid
Definition
This nutrient is critical to heart, sperm health and development of a growing embryo-easily destroyed by exposure to light
Term
Altricial Young
Definition
Primate young are described as such since they are born helpless and have an extensive period of dependency upon parental care
Term
Generalized Dentition (We are heterodonts)
Definition
An ancestral trait of primates, refers to fact that primates teeth differ in size and shape, in fact we have four different kinds of teeth in our mouths
Term
Generalized Dentition (We are heterodonts)
Definition
An ancestral trait of primates, refers to fact that primates teeth differ in size and shape, in fact we have four different kinds of teeth in our mouths
Term
Madagascar
Definition
The only remaining place on earth where you can find diurnal prosimians
Term
Punctuated Equilibrium
Definition
This model for describing the pace of evolutionary change theorizes that long periods of slow incremental changes (relative stasis) are interspersed w/ brief periods of rapid change (mass speciation)
Term
Single Male-Multi female
Definition
This primate form of social organization is found when sexual dimorphism is high but predation pressure is relatively low
Term
Calcium
Definition
• Vitamin D is necessary for the uptake of this mineral-for growth
Term
Hominid
Definition
This primate super family classification includes all apes and human species
Term
K-Selection
Definition
Primates employ this reproductive strategy which involves having fewer offspring, but investing a tremendous degree of parental care in raising those offspring
Term
Homeotherms
Definition
This term refers to organisms that have narrow range in internal body temp-and smaller primates must consume large quantities of food to power their metabolisms and prevent heat loss
Term
Gibbons
Definition
These apes are classic brachiators and feature lowest degree of sexual dimorphism and are organized into monogamous mated pairs
Term
INTRINSIC POST-ZYGOTIC (PRODUCT OF FERTILIZED EGG)
Definition
Hybrid problems such as inviability, sterility and hypofecundity can occur as a result of this type of reproductive isolating mechanism
Term
Japanese Macaques
Definition
Field studies of this monkey reveal the spread of cultural innovation among primates is highly influenced by social dominance hierarchies
Term
Misegenation
Definition
This term refers to the concept of race mixing w/ the implication that doing so has negative consequences and will “distill” the “superior” race
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