Roger Fenton, The Valley of the Shadow of Death

- Subtractive Composition used

- War zone photo

Felice Beato, Interior of Fort Taku NC after Capture

- part of crimean war series

- True documentary photographer

- No sugar coating

Alexander Gardner, Home of the Rebel Sharpshooter, Gettysburg

- Constructed: moved body, added gun, turned face towards camera

- Sketch Book picture

- Art shot/war shot

- Removed prohibition against picturing dead

John Reekie, A Burial Party, Cold Harbor VA, 1865

- From Gardner's Sketch book of the war

- Freed slaves gather up remains

- Reminds readers of moral failings with the rebel cause

Timothy O'Sullivan, A Harvest of Death

Gettysburg PA, 1863

- Selective focus: directs gaze to bodies

- Viewer manipulation

- No motion; stillness

- War destruction

Timothy O' Sullivan, Field Where General Reynolds Fell

- Selective focus

- Swollen bodies are in focus

- Reynold's body nowhere to be seen

- Viewer manipulation

George Barnard, Fire in Ames Mills,

NY 1853

- One of first action news pictures

- Captured loss

- After the fact

- Like crime scene photographers

- Smallness/hand-tinted transforms tragedy into compact, illusory event

George Barnard, Hell Hole in New Hope Church

- Calm after the storm

- After war shot

- Sense of loss

- Shows social rupture of war without showing dead bodies

George Barnard, Ruins of Charleston, SC

- Calmness

- City ruined

- Sense of sadness, loss

- Artistic type

- Sense of serenity

George Barnard; Scene of General McPherson's Death

- Viewer manipulation?

- Symbolic devices; pictorial effect for emotional impact

- Metaphoric bones for death of person

- Allergoric manner for presence of General M.

George Barnard, Rebel Works in Front of Atlanta

- Combination printing

- Clouds from different negative

- War photograph

Andrew Russell, Stone Wall Rear of Fredericksburg with Rebel Dead

1863

- war photograph

- perspective lines of body, "Go on forever"

- had no restraints telling him what he couldn't do

William Bell (or Staff), Wounded Soldier

Civil War

- Photographed patients being monitored

- Close-up, Deadpan examinations

- Photos for battered living

- Injuries

- Detachment: separates ppl from the war that caused their injuries

Lewis Carroll, Irene MacDonald

1863

- Presented his sitters with his own Adult, melancholic, emotional and sexual dilemmas

- Photo of youngster

- Reveals their natural sense of dexterity and intuitive spontaneity

Lewis Carroll, Flora Rankin

1863

- Little girl resembles Statue, with flowers and bend over stature

- Flowers can sometimes represent innocence, holding it on her lap??

Lewis Carroll, Xie Kitchin

1874

- Manet's Olympia, painting may have influenced Carroll

Manet,  Olympia

1863

- Possible influence on Xie Kitchin

- Painting

Lewis Carroll, The Beggar Maid

- Is she holding coins and acting as a beggar?

Oscar Rejlander, Two Ways of Life

1857

- Influenced by Raphaels' School of Athens

- Photomontage contrasting Philosophy and Science

- Introduction of young men into life

- Left side: not noble; pleasures

- Right side: Religious

- Middle figure: philosopher

- 30-32 negatives used to make

- Combination printing

Raphael, School of Athens

 1510-11

- Possibly influenced Rejlander's Two Ways of Life

Rejlander, Child Photos

- Photos collected by Lewis Carroll

- Portrait of a young girl

Rejlander, Child Photos

- Collected by Lewis Carroll

- Possibly showing a child's intuition and curiousity by positioning of the hand

Oscar Rejlander, Young Girl hold Jug

1860

- Child portrait

- Allegory

- Virginity

Julia Margaret Cameron, Sir John Herschel

1867

- Close-up portrait

- Interested in spiritual essence of sitter

- A little blurry suggests inner likeness but focused on face

- No head rests used; natural motion added spiritual life to the picture

- Romantic

Rejlander, Lewis Carroll and Alice Liddell

- Shows her interest in romantic pictures

- Seems like damage happened to top of photo and scratches on photo, shows she doesn't care b/c it gives it a direct visual connection between the process and the product

- Just out of focus

- Portrait

Julia Margaret Cameron, Alice Liddell

- Close up portrait

- Shows inspiration by books: Same sitter photographed and written about in Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll

Dr. Hugh Welch Diamond, Mental Patient

1855

- Photography as producing authentic records; way of recording and guidance in mental practice

- Portraits made of his mental patients

- Positivism= precise and true observation can't lie

- Unaffected authenticity and naturalness= truth:

        -Plain background and frontal posing

- Direct attention to face and hands of sitter

Dr. Thomas John Barnardo, Once a Little Vagrant, Now a little Workman

- Pictures in Home for Destitue Lads

- Trace the child's career

- Manipulation (Before and After pictures)

- Marketing scheme for the home

Julia Margaret Cameron, Sappho

1866

- Selective focus: A little blurry: dress

- Close-up portrait

- Crack in lower left portion of plate kept: allows a connection between process and product

Julia Margaret Cameron, Mother and child

- Same model as in Sappho

- Mother nurturing child; raised/protected by her and the Lord

- Artistic affect

- Just out of focus gave more natural vision instead of artificial

- Imperfections evident: visual connection between process & product

Maxime Du Camp, The Colossus of Abu-Simbel Nubia

1850

- Human figure sued for scale of reference

- Took advantage of light when it revealed the from and texture of monuments the best.

- Waxed calotype process

- Egypt photos

John Beasly Greene, Bank of Nile at Thebes

1854

- Travel pictures: amateur approach

- Calotype

- Granular look: unified space giving a feeling of dislocation and timelessness

Auguste Salzmann, Jerusalem

1854

- Historical site

- Sent by French Ministry of Public Instruction to photograph this

- Soft, pencil-like quality of salted prints- links city w/the site.

Francis Frith, The Sphinx and Great Pyramid Geezeh

1854

2 pt:

- Humans figures for scale

-Wet plates of landscape

- Descriptions/dialogue included to coach viewer to same conclusion as maker

Bisson Freres, Ascension of Mont-Blanc

1860

- Brothers

- Took photos of Alps to fulfill ppls desire to go there but couldn't afford it

Robert Howlett, The Great Eastern, Side View of Hull

1857

- Example of Industrialization

- Tight compositions/framing to emphasize the size making it seem like it goes on forever

-Albumen silver print

Camille Silvy, River Scene, France

- Combination printing; two negatives

- Painting-like

- Captured Leisure time

- Economic status evident

John Thompson, The Crawlers

- Tried to bring social change by drawing attention to outcasts

- Photographed victorian social types

Carleton Watkins, Three Brothers

Albumen Silver Print

- Rounded corners: draw attention upward to God

- Sublime & Beautiful

- Layered composition: gives depth to photos

- Hazy: gives atmospheric perspective

Andrew Russell, Trestle Work

Albumen Silver Print

- Documented Civil War and Railroad construction

Timothy O'Sullivan, Canyon De Chelle

- Tried to stop movement West

- Hostile place to live; hard to survive

- Rumored he tilted his camera to make things appear larger

Timothy O. Sullivan, Shoshone Falls

- Sublime

- Danger, power

- Portable darkroom

- Insignificance of people

Timothy O'Sullivan, Fissure Vent of Steamboat Springs

- Human being= sense of scale

- Sublime

William Henry Jackson, Mountain of the Holy Cross

- Sublime

- Only able to take this one good photo of it himself

- Symbol of Christian faith

- "God is telling us this is where we're supposed to be"

- Influenced people go to the places he took pictures of; tourist attractions

William Henry Jackson, Old Faithful Erupting

- image was big help in development of Yellowstone as tourist attraction:

      - Yellowstone in 1872

- wanted areas protected from human invasion

Edward Muybridge, Clouds Rest

- Yosemite

- Excellent clouds; combination printing

- No people present

- Visual of what God created

Frank J. Haynes, Self

- Shows his notion of man invading the landscape

- Intrusion, altering, and contaminating nature

- Made postcards

- Yellowstone