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Definition
| personally changed by the learning process & end trip at different place |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal behavior. scientific study of disorders |
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| Bio-Psychological Dysfunction |
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Definition
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Definition
| cultural values of distress, functional impairment or what behaviors lead to increased risk to organism or to death |
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Definition
| physiological/psychological functioning that is NOT operating as it is intended to operate |
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Definition
| "not expected" psychological-biological behavior in the culture associated with distress, functional impairment, disease or risk of death |
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Definition
| what brings one to the clinic |
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Term
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Definition
| how many have it in the population |
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Definition
| how many have it this year |
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Term
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Definition
| from onset of disorder to present time |
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Term
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Definition
| early - before 21 years old; late - 21+ |
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Definition
| anticipated future course with & without treatment |
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Definition
| study of origins of disorder |
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Definition
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Term
| Prominent model of training in psychopathology |
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Definition
| research-practitioner role |
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Term
| Supernatural Historical Approach |
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Definition
| attributed abnormal behaviors to agents outside human body - demons, spirits, or influences of moon, planets, and stars |
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Term
| Biological Historical Approach |
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Definition
| attributed to biological causes; treat like any other disease - with pills |
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Term
| Behavioral Historical Approach |
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Definition
| attributed to learning; treat by social engineering |
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Term
| Contemporary Historical Approach |
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Definition
| multiple causality of abnormal behaviors |
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Term
| Inner/intra Determinant Model |
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Definition
| problems inside person attributed to abnormal behavior; B=f(person) |
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| Environmental Determinant Model |
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Definition
| environmental change attributed to abnormal behavior; B=f(environment) |
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Term
| Interpersonal Determinant Model |
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Definition
| abnormal behavior attributed to person & environment interactions; B=f(person x environment) |
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Term
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Definition
| system of influences that cause & maintain suffering; biological vulnerability -> behavioral response (avoid stimulus) -> emotive-cognitive response (develop fear/phobia) |
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Term
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Definition
| predisposition, in combination with certain kinds of environmental stress, results in abnormal behavior. smaller diathesis, greater stress required for expression of disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| environment events trigger genetic vulnerability - turns genes "on" and "off"; gene functioning cannot be studied apart from environmental influences |
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Term
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Definition
| birth of neurons. epigenetics leads to changes in number of receptors at end of neurons which affect biochemical functioning of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| expressions of genes in brain regions that regulate stress reactivity can be transmitted from 1 generation to another as a function of differences in maternal care |
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Term
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Definition
| brain & spinal cord. integrates info that it receives from, & coordinates the activities of, all parts of the body |
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Term
| Peripheral Nervous System |
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Definition
| Somatic NS & Autonomic NS. connects Central NS to limbs & organs |
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Term
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Definition
| voluntary control of body movements - muscle control |
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Term
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Definition
| control system functioning largely below the level of consciousness, and controls most involuntary actions - heart rate, digestion, respiration rate, salivation, perspiration, urination, sexual arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| control center of Autonomic NS. controls body temp, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep & circadian cycles |
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Definition
| controls reactions to stress & regulates many body processes - digestion, immune system, mood & emotions, sexuality & energy storage/expenditure |
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Term
| Emotional Model for Chronic Depression |
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Definition
| environment event (emotional abuse/neglect) → biological response (HPA over-reactivity) → psychological response (cognitive-emotive retardation & interpersonal avoidance) |
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Term
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Definition
| "we believe more than we can prove" - science tries to make elicit what is tacit knowledge - only transmitted by training or gained through personal experience |
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Term
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Definition
| learned helplessness - perceive have no control over outcome of certain situations so learn to become helpless |
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Term
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Definition
| social learning occurs through imitation - Modeling/Observational Learning |
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Term
| Cognitive-Emotive Learning |
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Definition
| retention of new concepts & skills is most effective if learning content is associated with creativity & emotionally distinct experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| evaluation of patient's physical condition & prognosis based on info gathered from physical & lab exams and from patient's medical history |
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Term
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Definition
| act of identifying a disease from its signs & symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| measures what it's supposed to |
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Definition
| yields consistent results |
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Definition
| process of establishing technical standard |
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Term
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Definition
| ways to obtain patient info - mental, physical & neuro-psychological exams, behavioral & personality assessment, IQ tests, false-positive & false-negative testing, & neuro-imaging |
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Term
| Significant Other History |
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Definition
| used to elicit emotional thematic info. emotional assessment -> derive transference hypothesis |
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Term
| Categorical Approach to Classification |
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Definition
| issue: uniqueness of disorder |
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| Dimensional Approach to Classification |
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Definition
| issue: variability of disorders |
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| Prototypical Approach to Classification |
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Definition
| issue: essential features of disorder |
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Term
| Idiographic Research Methodology |
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Definition
| tendency to specify, describes effort to understand meaning of contingent, unique & subjective phenomena |
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Term
| Correlational Research Methodology |
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Definition
| relationship of 2 variables - doesn't denote causality |
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Term
| Epidemiological Research Methodology |
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Definition
| study of health-event, health-characteristic, or health-determinant patterns in a society |
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Term
| Nomothetic Research Methodology |
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Definition
| group experimental design - tendency to generalize, describes effort to derive laws that explain objective phenomena in general |
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Term
| Milgram "Obedience" Study |
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Definition
| teacher send "electric shock" to student for every wrong answer. measured willingness of participants to obey authority figure who instructed them to perform acts that conflicted with their personal conscience |
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Term
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Definition
| study the natural progression of untreated syphilis in poor, rural black men who thought they were receiving free health care from the U.S. government - researchers knowingly failed to treat patients appropriately, lead to required informed consent, communication of diagnosis, & accurate reporting of test results |
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