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Exam #1
Mbuti
39
Anthropology
Undergraduate 1
10/09/2011

Additional Anthropology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
anthropology
Definition
the study of human kind
Term
4 fields
Definition
cultural, biological, archaeology, linguistic
Term
ethnography
Definition
the study and systematic recording of human cultures
Term
cultural ecology
Definition
pattern of relations between cultures and their environment
Term
applied anthropology
Definition
the application of the method and theory of anthropology to the analysis and solution of practical problems
Term
ethnographic method
Definition
immersing oneself in the culture they're studying
Term
rapport
Definition
two or more people having the same thoughts and feel ing the same way
Term
subsistence
Definition
remaining in existence (ex. how they obtain food) - foraging
Term
foraging
Definition
the way the Mbuti get their food
Term
religion
Definition
monotheistic (Ituri Forest) loving god and provider
Term
magic
Definition
Term
right of passage
Definition
Elima and Molimo
Term
economy
Definition
general w/in the band, and balanced when trading w/ other bands
Term
general reciprocity
Definition
no immediate consideration of price/repayment, a mutual obligation (Mbuti economy), exists in all cultures
Term
balanced reciprocity
Definition
both parties to the exchange expect immediate return
Term
negative reciprocity
Definition
opposite of sharing, one does it to take advantage of the other party
Term
kinship
Definition
people related by marriage, decent and mating
Term
kin obligations
Definition
people and family that you are closest to (1st cousins, aunts, uncles..)
Term
ethnocentrism
Definition
idea that "my" culture is the best & any other culture is inferior (prejudice)
Term
cultural relativism
Definition
notices the differences but accepts all cultures
Term
political structure
Definition
Term
egalitarian
Definition
equality
Term
formal sanctions
Definition
professionals, legitimate force, fines, imprison, execution
Term
informal sanctions
Definition
no president, voluntary, insult, laughter, song duel, shunning, tend to be peaceful, peer pressure
Term
internal sanctions
Definition
self-image, supernatural, conscious
Term
race (scientific criteria)
Definition
one human race, multiple races do not exist scientifically
Term
race (social construct)
Definition
races are constructed in social system; social systems assume their systems are based on biology, they are not!
Term
gender roles
Definition
men - get honey, hunt
women - carry things, make huts, hunt
Term
art
Definition
paint themselves, dance, make music
Term
language family
Definition
different bands speak different forms of a language but still understand eachother
Term
phoneme
Definition
the abstract units of the phonetic system of a language that correspond to a set of similar speech sounds
Term
genocide
Definition
the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group
Term
assimilation
Definition
the movement of ethnic minorities into the dominant culture
Term
multiculturalism
Definition
opposite of assimilation; several different cultures composed peacefully in one country
Term
colonialism
Definition
the establishment, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies
Term
situational leadership
Definition
no specific leader, but someone rises up and leads the way in situations
Term
universal standards
Definition
are there basic standards that every culture can stand on? (ex. death rate, sickness, freedom..)
Term
clinical variation
Definition
healing (ex. drugs, surgery, {hand-on touch, energy work, body-mind - Mbuti})
Term
differential access to resources
Definition
seperate classes whose members have different positions of power and more access to resources
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