Term
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Definition
| Consumption of food or act of taking food into the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Process in which material is subjected to chemicals or enzymes with a resultant change or decomposition of the physical or chemical nature of that substance. Breakdown of feed particles into suitable products for absorption. |
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Term
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Definition
| The passage of nutrients or other materials into the blood, lymph and cells from the alimentary tract |
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Term
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Definition
| Removal of waste products from the body, primarily in the form of feces and urine |
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Term
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Definition
| Any chemical element or compound in the diet that supports normal reproduction, growth, lactation, or maintenance of life processes |
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Term
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Definition
| An amount of feed consumed by an animal in 24 hours (daily food supply) |
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Term
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Definition
| Feed ingredient or mixture of ingredients including water, which is consumed by animals |
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Term
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Definition
| A diet that supplies all of the required nutrients in the correct amounts and proportions to properly nourish the target animal for a specific purpose of production |
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Term
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Definition
| Any nutritious substance that people or animals eat or drink, or that plants absorb, in order to maintain life and growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to food but is more commonly applied to animal food than to human food |
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Term
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Definition
| Any material made into or used as food or feed, respectively |
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Term
Proximate Analysis
Dry Matter |
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Definition
| Heat food sample above boiling; removes water by evaporation |
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Term
Proximate Analysis
Ash (minerals) |
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Definition
| Burn samples in muffle furnace; dry inorganic residue left |
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Term
| Proximate Analysis Crude Protein |
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Definition
| Kieldahl Process; sample digested in sulfuric acid; neutralized with sodium hydroxide, distill, titrated; N is left. Multiply by 6.25 |
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Term
Proximate Analysis
Ether Extract |
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Definition
| extract sample with ether 4 hours. Loss in weight after drying equals fat |
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Term
| Proximate Analysis Carbohydrates |
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Definition
| Crude fiber + Nitrogen Free Extract |
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Term
Proximate Analysis
Crude Fiber (CF) |
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Definition
| boiling an ether extracted sample in dilute acid, then in weak alkali, burned in muffle furnace |
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Term
Proximate Analysis
Nitrogen-Free Extract |
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Definition
| % of H20, ash, protein, fiber, and fat added together and subtracted from 100 |
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Term
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Definition
| Taking in of feed or water into the mouth |
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Term
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Definition
| Reduction of feed particle size; generally by chewing |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Casting up of undigested material |
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Term
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Definition
| Growth or building process (synthesis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Breakdown or destructive reactions (degradation) |
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Term
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Definition
| Combination of anabolic and catabolic reactions occurring in the body with the liberation of energy. All the chemical processes of the body involved in the maintenance of life. |
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Term
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Definition
| proximal organ of the gastrointestinal tract that contains three accessory organs:Tongue, Teeth, Salivary glands |
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Term
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Definition
| a hollow muscular tube that transports ingesta from the mouth to the stomach. |
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Term
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Definition
| a hollow, pear-shaped muscular digestive organ |
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Term
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Definition
| a long, narrow tube that is the most active digestion and nutrient absorption site. |
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Term
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Definition
| larger diameter and volume, but shorter compared with the small intestine. Nearly all amino acids, fatty acids and monosaccharides are absorbed prior to this point, fiber remains |
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Term
| Stomach Compartment Reticulum |
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Definition
| its walls are lined with mucus membrane containing many intersecting ridges that subdivides the surface into honeycomb like compartments |
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Term
| Stomach Compartment Rumen |
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Definition
| is a large muscular compartment that almost entirely fills the left side of the abdominal cavity. The walls contain projections called papillae. Walls secretes no enzymes. |
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Term
Stomach Compartment
Omasum |
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Definition
| is a spherical organ filled with muscular laminae (leaf-like structure). Walls secrete no enzymes. |
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Term
Stomach Compartment
Abomasum |
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Definition
| (“true” or glandular stomach) – is the first glandular portion of the ruminant gastrointestinal tract. Walls secrete enzymes. |
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Term
| Stomach Cardiac Sphincter |
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Definition
| located at the junction of the esophagus and stomach that controls passage of ingesta into the stomach or out |
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Term
| Stomach Esophageal Region |
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Definition
| nonglandular area surrounding the cardia |
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Term
| Stomach Cardiac Gland Region |
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Definition
| contains cells that produce primarily mucus; protect the stomach lining |
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Term
| Stomach Fundic Gland Region |
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Definition
contains cells that provide the gastric secretions needed for the initial stages of digestion
- parietal cells- produce HCl
- chief cells- produce enzymes or precursors of enzymes |
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Term
| Stomach Pyloric Gland Region |
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Definition
| contains cells that produce mucus and some proteolytic enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| beginning of small intestine |
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Term
| Stomach Pyloric Sphincter |
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Definition
| located at pylorus which controls passage of chyme out of the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| First section of small intestine. site of active enzyme secretions from duodenum lining and pancreas. Bile enters from the gall bladder/liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| Middle section of small intestine. active in nutrient absorption |
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Term
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Definition
| Last section of small intestine. active in nutrient absorption. pH of small intestinal contents ~6 to 7. |
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Term
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Definition
| First section of large intestine; little functional signifcance in pig |
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Term
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Definition
| Middle section; largest part of large intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| Last section of large intestine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Esophageal or Reticular Groove |
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Definition
| passageway that extends from the cardia to the omasum; can close to direct ingesta or open and permit ingesta to enter rumen/reticulum area |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| promotes milk curdling or protein denaturation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| protein to peptides and amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| protein to peptides and amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| protein to peptides and amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| undigested carbs to sugars |
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Term
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Definition
| fat splitting; fats to fatty acids and glycerol |
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Term
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Definition
| ex. bicarbonates to neutralize stomach acids |
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Term
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Definition
| protein to peptides and amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| nucleoproteins to purines and pyrimidines |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lactose to glucose and galactose |
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Term
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Definition
| sucrose to glucose and fructose |
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