Term
|
Definition
| cluster of genes on chromosomes |
|
|
Term
| Atophy or Atophic people have a genetic disposition to which Type of Hypersensitiviy |
|
Definition
| Type I, IgE, Genetic predisposition: Have Th2 cells that secrete more IL-4 than normal to make IgE, have more mast and basophils, have more Fc receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located on B lymphocytes and Macrophages |
|
|
Term
| Immune response initiated CD4 only recognizes which antigens |
|
Definition
| protein or antigens on MHC class II proteins (macrophages, lympho) |
|
|
Term
| CD8 or CT cells only recognize antigens on which cell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type III Hypersensitivity are formed where and located where? |
|
Definition
| Antigen/antibody complexes are formed in circulation and deposited in tissues: elicit inflammatory response. |
|
|
Term
| Type III tissue response: What is phase 1? |
|
Definition
| antibody/antigen formation: Normal occurrence |
|
|
Term
| What is phase 2 of Type III hypersensitivity? |
|
Definition
| Complex Deposition: PATHO part, size and charge of complexes, affinity to antigens in tissue |
|
|
Term
| What is phase 3 of Hypersensitivity III |
|
Definition
Inflammation (10 days after antigen)
IgG activates complement of C1 |
|
|
Term
| Histamine is released from what cell? |
|
Definition
Mast cells, basophils, platelets, basophils
CLASS I hypersensitivity |
|
|
Term
| What does histamine do to vessels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type IV Hypersensitivity is mediated where? |
|
Definition
| T cell mediated, causes tissue injury (poison iv) |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of Type IV Hypersensitivity |
|
Definition
1. Delayed: Activates T4 lymphocytes (Th1), inflamm response, phagocytes cause tissue injury TB tine test
2. Direct cell cytotoxicity: T8 lymphocytes kill antigen bearing cells, Class I (autoimmunity, transplant) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PPT: action/counter action
Prostag: VD pain
Prostacy: VD, platelet aggretation
Thromboxane: VC, platelet aggre |
|
|
Term
| What does thromboxane do? Important for cardiac system |
|
Definition
| Vasoconstriction, promotes platelet aggregation |
|
|
Term
| If NSAIDS and ASA blocks oxy pathway, then it doesn't block the Lipoxygenase, so what will happen? |
|
Definition
| will cause vasoconstriction and bronchospasm |
|
|
Term
| Leukotrines will cause what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complement system are activated by? |
|
Definition
antigen/antibody will activate at C1
C1 also by plasmaleptin and Plasmin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
C3b:opsonin calls over the macrophages to get to work
3a,4a, 5a, anaphylatoxins: activate mast cells
6-9 forms a MAC attack: pores |
|
|
Term
| macrophages kill cells how? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the kinin system activated? |
|
Definition
| Hageman factor XII, bradykinin causes pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vasoDilation, inc vascular permeability, endothelial activation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| VasoDilation, increased vascular perm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vasoDilation, pain, fever, platelet aggregation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increased vascular permeability, chemotaxis, leukocyte adhesion, activation |
|
|
Term
| Platelet activating factor |
|
Definition
| vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, leukocyte adhesion, chemostoxis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| killing of microbes, tissue damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vascular smooth muscle relaxation, kills microbes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not sufficient product so cells can't mature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not sufficient product to develop a cell |
|
|
Term
| Normalcytic-cells lost to hemolysis |
|
Definition
| cells destroyed in the spleen |
|
|
Term
| Cytokines (TNF, IL-1, ex) |
|
Definition
| Local endothelial activation (adhesion molecules), systemic acute-phase response, in severe: septic shock) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sperocytes w/o central color, Howell-Jolly bodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spherical cells, different shapes and sizes, Heinz bodies and bite cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemotaxis, leukocyte activation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vasoconstriction, promotes platelet aggregation |
|
|
Term
| What is the only chemical mediator that causes vasoconstriction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proliferic neoplasm and lym |
|
Definition
| neoplasm of immature B cell |
|
|
Term
| neoplasm of mature B cells |
|
Definition
| cells are already circulating |
|
|
Term
| General char of neoplasms and leukemias |
|
Definition
| proliferation of a single cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lipid peroxidation of lipids in plasma membrane, OH outside cell is worse and will alter membrane, inside cell: alter DNA structure and change genetic code |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attack nucleic acids, always produced, protects body against damage from chemical reactions can be naturally occuring or synthetic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occur earlier, as in marrow |
|
|
Term
| Pre-B, T cell neoplasm, located where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute lymphocytic leukemia |
|
Definition
| Common in young adults, children, blast cells, acute and quick |
|
|
Term
| Chronic lymphocytic leukemias |
|
Definition
| Mature cells, older adults, can't mature into working cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic lymphoma leukemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| problem: responsible for NO inflamm reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Humerol or B cell, antigen/antibody response on cell surface: 3 types of cells, can or can't be phagocytosed, releases cytokines and cause cell injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reacts against surface receptors, antigen/antibody complex that is in circ and is deposited |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T cell becomes involved when tissue is exposed to antigen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reactivates Factor XII, amplification of initial stimulus, activates fibrinolytic system that produces plasmin |
|
|
Term
| Describe Intrinsic Pathway |
|
Definition
| XII to XIIa to fibrinolytic to produce plasmin to activate comp system at C3 to opsonin and phago |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acts like libronox and binds to heparin molecules |
|
|
Term
Type I
Type II
Type III
Type IV |
|
Definition
IgE
Humoral
Immune-complex
Cell-mediated IHICC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Both T and B tolerance to self-antigen, B cells produce one thing (lipid antibodies), T cell failure to recognize so B cells secrete antibody. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| not recognizing Intercellular: nuclear, increase ANA, smith antigen, antibodies react to what's happening inside cell, altered display of antigen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| membrane remains intact, breaks into particles and membrane dissolves so inside of cell unexposed and open to membrane and causes self reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antigen/antibody complex is deposited in kidneys, pulmonary system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| auto-immune against epithelial cells, no tears and no saliva. CD4 cell not recognizing self, activates TH2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive collagen deposition, so therefore more fibrin upregulated. T4 doesn't recognize antigen, Th1 problem making cytokines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CD4 reaction initiates B cell production of autoantibody Rheumatoid factor in 80%, not 20% so not always diagnostic. MUST have: don't have CD4 that recognizes self |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| too much inflammation in joint, TNF alpha inhibitors can work |
|
|
Term
| Type II mechanisms: (3 types) |
|
Definition
Opsonization and Phagocytosis
Inflammation and Injury
Cellular Dysfuction |
|
|
Term
| What initiates immune response |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type II Hypersensitivity: Opsonization process: |
|
Definition
| antibody binds to cell surface, C3 opsonizes cell surface: phago, cell loss (transfusions) |
|
|
Term
| Type II mechanism Inflammation and Injury |
|
Definition
| antibody binding to antigen at C1, activation of neutrophils, causes tissue injury, (glomerulonephritis) |
|
|
Term
| Type II mechanism of cellular dysfuction |
|
Definition
| antibodies directed against cell surface receptors, impairs/dysregulates receptor function. (graves) |
|
|
Term
| IL-2 important part of immune system why? |
|
Definition
| Helps helper T cell mature into matures onto imprinted Th cell into 1 and 2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| goes down CD8 line, primary pathway for inflammatory cytokines and keeps response going. and interacts with Cytotoxic T cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| B cells, TH2 secretes IL 4,5,6, 13 involved in antibody response. KNOW,helps B cell become a plasma B cell |
|
|
