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Definition
The means by which messages are transmitted and recieved.
(eg. dance, sign language, facial expressions, body language, symbols, smell, sound, auditory, verbal, language.) |
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Definition
the study of meaning in language.
Meaning-eg.sounds can have function, but not necessarily in dictionary.
(answers the "what?") |
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Definition
| Purpose (for communicating) |
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Definition
Each side had to be able to communicate back and forth, send and recieve.
A user can both receive and broadcast the same signal. |
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Definition
Understand cultural setting and context.
At least some aspect of communication system is learned from other users
(e.g. buscuits and cookies story) |
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Definition
Meaning and form of signal not necessarily connected.
--Non Arbitrariness=onomotopaea, where sounds and meaning relate. |
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Definition
| Larger, complex messages can be broken down into smaller, discrete parts |
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Definition
| Ability to talk about things you can't see (things not right in front of you). Ideas, past, future, can conceive outside present. Eg. Absract ideas. |
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Definition
Means of generating words, a way to describe.
Speakers can create infinite number of novel utterances that others can understand.
eg. Not specific words, maybe a whole paragraph to explain one word, >>ideas<< |
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Term
| Rules (Natural vs. Constructed Language) |
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Definition
| How things are put together. |
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Term
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Definition
| Raw data, nothing analyzed. |
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Term
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Definition
Stage after Etic, analyzing sound systems (how they work and apply).
eg. flaps, english t, russian r, butter not acctually "t" sound, etc. |
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Term
| Two different things going on when studying science of language |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Speech sound-individual sounds in string, segments. |
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Definition
| Layed out context of a segment. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Pulmonic-from lungs-pulmonary cavity; diaphragm and/or other muscles of rib cage, etc.
2. Glottalic-pharyngeal cavity; larynx with closed glottis, etc.
3. Velaric- Oral cavity; back of tongue against velum, etc.
a)Oral Cavity
b)Pharyngeal Cavity
(note: no noise from Nasal cavity) |
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Term
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Definition
1. Egressive-Pulmonic and glottalic airstreams, comming out (all english).
2. Ingressive-Glottalic and Velaric airstreams, comming in (lika gasping). |
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Term
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Definition
In the Larynx: (voice box, located in throat)
Voiced: together and Vibrating.
Voiceless: apart(ussually) and not vibrating. |
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Term
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Definition
Nasal Sounds--Sound waves resonating in nasal cavity (velic opening)
Oral Sounds--sound waves resonating in oral cavity. (velic closed) |
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Term
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Definition
Completely impeded (for stops)
Greatly Impeded (for fricatives)
Slighly impeded (for vowels, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
Passive: upper, remains relatively stationary
Active: lower, moves |
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Term
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Definition
Relationship between passive and active articulators.
Bilabial, Interdental, alveolar, labiodental, paleoalveolar. |
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Term
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Definition
Sound is released with an audible puff of air called Aspiration.
(period of voicelessness following release of articulation) |
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Term
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Definition
| A period of voicelessness following release of articulation. |
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