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Exam One
Chapter Four
43
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
01/29/2007

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Sense Organs
Definition
Receive sensory information for the brain to sift through and process to determine what is important versus what can be ignored.
Term
Five Senses
Definition
Eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin
Term
Sensory-Receptor Cells
Definition
Ransform physical energy or information into neural information.
Term
Sensation
Definition
The stimulation of the sense organs with sensory information and relaying that information to the brain.
Term
Perception
Definition
When our brains organize and interpret sensations.
Term
Cornea
Definition
Window of the eye which captures the light waves bouncing all around teh order to bend or direct the waves into the eye.
Term
Astigmatism
Definition
When the cornea is misshaped, ligh waves become distorted and cause impaired vision
Term
Aqueous Humor
Definition
Watery fluid filling the anterior chamber of the eye that nourishes the cornea and the lens.
Term
Glaucoma
Definition
When either the aqueous humor is produced in excess or when a drainage problem causes the water to build up.
Term
Pupil
Definition
The black center of the eye that works with the iris to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye.
Term
Iris
Definition
Patch of tissue that gives the eyes its color.
Term
Lens
Definition
Focuses images on the retina by accommodating light.
Term
Accomodating Light
Definition
When the lens extends itself, becoming thicker, or flattens itself depending on how far the object of focus is from the person.
Term
Cataracts
Definition
Opaque clouds that often form over the eyes from extensive exposure to radiation (ie The Sun).
Term
Presbyopia
Definition
When the lens gets impacted and becomes increasingly less flexible.
Term
Vitreous Humor
Definition
Clear thick fluid filling the interior eye chamber that maintains an optimum shape of the eye
Term
Myopia
Definition
Near-Sightedness
Term
Hyperopia
Definition
Far-Sightedness
Term
Floaters
Definition
Debris that can make it's way into the vitreous humor and block the passage of light to the retina.
Term
Retina
Definition
Innermost layer of the eye that contains the photoreceptor cells
Term
Photoreceptor Cells (Rods and Cones)
Definition
Rods - Help us see in dim light and dark conditions

Cones - Help us in visual acuity, seeing in lighted conditions and seeing color
Term
Fovea
Definition
Highest concentration of cones
Term
Optic Nerve
Definition
Transfers neural information created by the rods and cones
Term
Blind Spot
Definition
Where light is reflected directly onto our optic nerve
Term
Oculometer Cues
Definition
Kinesthhetic cues for depth derived from sensations of muscular contractions of the extraocular muscles and of the lens.
Term
Visual Cues
Definition
Cues for depth that are purely visual in nature
Term
Two Types of Oculomotor Cues
Definition
Accommodation - When the lens of the eyes adjust their thickness in order to focus on an object.

Vergence - When the eyes move in opposite directions either inward (convergence) or outward (divergence)
Term
Binocular and Monocular Cues
Definition
Binocular - Presence of both eyes
Monocular - Presence of one eye
Term
Retinal Disparity
Definition
The difference in lateral separation between two or more objects in our visual fields that communicates to us how far various objects are from us.
Term
Static and Nonstatic Cues
Definition
Static - Stationary
Nonstatic - In Motion
Term
Motion Parallax
Definition
Objects closer will appear to move faster through the visual field than those farther away.
Term
Interposition
Definition
When one object partially obscures the presence of another
Term
Size
Definition
Larger objects are generally closer
Term
Linear and Texture Perspective
Definition
Linear - When things become closer together the farther you look

Texture - When things become less textured the farther you look
Term
Outer Ear
Definition
Extends outward from the head and trieds to capture as many sound waves as possible and direct them to the ear drum
Term
Ear Drum
Definition
Thin membrane that vibrates in response to sound waves and relays the waves further through the middle ear and through the inner ear
Term
Middle Ear
Definition
Contains the ear drum and three small bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) and functions to amplify sound waves
Term
Oval Window
Definition
Part of the inner ear that vibrates in response to the stirrup of the middle ear and transmits the vibrations to the cochlea. Also helps to balance the pressure in the inner ear.
Term
Cochlea
Definition
Bony tube that contains the basilar membrane and the organ of Corti.
Term
Auditory Nerve
Definition
Sends neural impulses back to the brain for processing
Term
Papillae
Definition
Receptors for taste are located here
Term
Four Basic Sensations
Definition
Sweet, Sour, Bitter, and Salty
Term
Neuroses
Definition
Unresolved psychological issues
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