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| the set of institutions that transfer the ownership of and move goods from the point of production to the point of consumption. |
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| The integration of two or more activities for the purpose of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient flow of raw materials, in-process inventory, and finished goods from the point of origin to the point of consumption. |
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| Facility for the receipt, storage, and redistribution of goods to stores or customers. |
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| Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) |
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| the computer-to-computer exchange of business documents from a retailer to a vendor and back. |
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| Secure communication systems contained within one company |
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| Collaborative network that uses internet technology to link businesses with suppliers, customers, or other businesses. |
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| Just-in-time System management |
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| Reduces lead time, Increases product availability and lower inventory investment. |
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| Vertical Marketing System |
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| Supply chain in which members act as a unified system. |
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| Strategy designed to get products into as many outlets as possible. |
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| granted to one or very few retail customers so no other customers in the territory can sell a particular brand. |
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| Between intensive and exclusive distribution strategies. |
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| holds a strategic relationship together through the means of trust, reliability, sincere communication and fulfills obligations. |
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| to share information, develop sales forecasts together, and coordinate deliveries. |
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| Supply chain members must have common goals for a successful relationship an incentive to pool their strengths and abilities and exploit potential opportunities together. |
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| successful relationships develop because both parties make credible commitments to, or tangible investments in, the relationship. |
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| Product, Place, Price, Promotion. |
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| Retalers that sell merchandise in more than one retail channel. |
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| Food & General Merchandise |
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| Retailer that offers groceries, meat, and produce with limited sales of nonfood items and general merchandise in a self-service format. |
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| Carries both food and non-food items in three types: super center, hypermarket, and warehouse club. |
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| Retailer that provides a limited number of items at a convenient location in a small store with speedy check-out. |
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| Retailers that offer a broad variety of merchandise, limited service and low prices. |
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| Retailer that concentrates on a limited number of complementary merchandise categories in a relatively small store space. |
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| Retailer that offers a narrow variety but deep assortment of merchandise. |
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| Retailer that carries a broad variety and deep assortment; offers some customer service; is organized into separate departments to display its merchandise. |
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| Specialty store that concentrates on health and personal grooming merchandise. |
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| retailer that offers an inconsistent assortment of merchandise at relatively low prices. |
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| Attention, Interest, Desire, Action. |
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| integrated marketing communications |
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Definition
| Promotion dimension of the 4 P's; encompasses carious communication media in combination to provides clarity, consistency, and maximum impact. |
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| Firms that originate the IMC message; must be clearly identified to the intended audience. |
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| Agent or intermediary that helps sender develop marketing communications; for example, firm's creative department or advertising agency. |
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| Process of converting sender's ideas into a message, which can be verbal, visual, or both. |
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| the medium--print, broadcast, internet--that carries a message. |
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| Person who reads, hears, or sees and processes information contained in a message or advertisement. |
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| any interference that stems from competing messages, lack of message clarity, or flaw in the medium; a problem for all communication channels. |
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| Allows receiver to communicate with sender and thereby informs sender whether the message was received and decoded properly. |
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| Advertising, Personal Selling, Sales Promotion, Direct Marketing, Public Relations and Electronic Media. |
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| is a paid form of communication from an identifiable source, delivered through a communication channel, designed to persuade the receiver to take some action, now or in the future. |
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| is the two-way flow of communication between buyer and seller designed to influence the buyer's purchase decision. |
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| are special incentives or excitement-building programs that encourage purchase, such as coupons, rebates, contests, free samples, and point-of-purchase displays. |
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| is the group of sales and promotional techniques that deliver promotional materials individually to potential customers. |
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| is the organizational function that manages a firm's communications to build and maintain a positive image, address unfavorable events, or promote positive media relations. |
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| are Corporate Blogs, Online Games, and text messaging. |
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| Measure of consumer's exposure to marketing communications' percentage of the target population exposed to a marketing communication at least once. |
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| Measure of how often an audience is exposed to a communication within a specified period of time. |
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| Assesses how much time viewers spend on particular Web pages and the number of pages they view. |
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| measure of how many times users click on banner advertising on Web sites. |
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| Promotional Web technique in which consumers print a coupon and then redeem it in a store. |
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| Promotional Web technique in which consumers fill out a form and are referred to an offline dealer that offers the product or service of interest. |
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| a message with an economic motivation to promote a product or service, persuade someone to purchase, etc... |
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| a message that does not have an economic motivation and therefore is fully protected under the first amendment. |
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| Strategy to attract consumers; promotional tactics to deliver sales message unconventionally, often without target audience knowing the message has selling intent. |
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| Phenomenon that encourages people to pass along a marketing message to other potential consumers. |
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Definition
| is a paid form of communications from an identifiable source, delivered though a communication channel, designed to persuade the receiver to take some action, now or in the future. |
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| part of the firms overall marketing plan outlining the objectives, methods, and success measures of an advertising campaign. |
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| Designed to get consumers to pull the product into the supply chain by demanding it. |
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| Designed to increase demand by motivating sellers to highlight the product, rather than competitors', and thereby push the product onto consumers. |
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| Communication used to create and build brand awareness, with the ultimate goal of moving consumers through the guying cycle of a purchase. |
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| Communication used to motivate consumers to take action |
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| Communication used to remind consumers of a product or prompt repurchases, especially for products in the maturity stage of their life. |
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| Product-Focused Advertisements |
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Definition
| Inform, Persuade, or remind consumers about a specific product or service. |
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| Institutional Advertisement |
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Definition
| Inform, Persuade, and remind consumers about issues related to places, politics, industries, or particular corporations. |
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| Primary Demand advertising |
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| Ads designed to generate demand for the product category or an entire industry. |
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| Selective Demand Advertising |
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| Ads designed to generate demand for a specific brand, firm, or item. |
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| Public Service Advertising |
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| Ads focused on public welfare |
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| Application of marketing principles to a social issue to induce attitudinal and behavioral change. |
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| Unique Selling Proposition |
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| Strategy of differentiating a product by communicating its unique attributes; often the common theme or slogan for the advertising campaign |
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| promotion to help consumers make purchase decisions by offering factual information and strong arguments about relevant issues; encourage favorable evaluations based on key benefits. |
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| Attempt to satisfy consumers' emotional desires rather than utilitarian needs. |
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| The process of evaluating and selecting the media mix that delivers a clear, consistent, compelling message to the intended audience. |
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| Combination of the media used and frequency of advertising in each medium |
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| The actual purchase of airtime or print pages |
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| Continuous Advertising Schedule |
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| Ads run throughout the year, suited to products and services consumed at steady rates that require constant levels of persuasive or reminder advertising. |
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| Flighting Advertising Schedule |
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Definition
| adverting schedule implemented in spurts, with periods of heavy advertising followed by periods of no advertising. |
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| Pulsing Advertising Schedule |
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| Combines continuous and flighting ad schedules; maintains a base level of advertising but increases intensity during certain periods. |
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Definition
| is the two-way flow of communication between buyer and seller designed to influence the buyer's purchase decision. |
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| is a sales philosophy and process emphasizing commitment to a long-term relationship and investing in mutually beneficial opportunities. |
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