Term
| Sensory receptor cells, sometimes called sensors or receptors do what? |
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Definition
| convert external stimuli into electrochemical signals of the nervous system |
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Term
| the sensory receptor cells act on what? |
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Definition
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Term
| all sensory receptor cells process the input the same way, but how we perceive the signals is determined by what? |
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Definition
| the central nervous system |
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Term
| The intensity of a sensory receptor cell is determined by what? |
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Definition
| the frequency of action potentials |
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Term
| what does the term sensory systems refer to? |
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Definition
| sensory cells, the associated structures & the neural network that process the information |
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Term
| which are the sensory organs that collect, filter, & amplify? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a gradual diminishing response to repeated stimuli (desensitization) |
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Term
| Chemoreceptors bind to ligands which enable us to do what? |
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Definition
| - smell, taste, & sense CO2 levels in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| a chemical signal used in communication among members of a species |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a molecule that activates an olfactory receptor protein |
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Term
| The vomeronasal organ is possibly specialized for what? and snakes use this organ to do what? |
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Definition
| it is possibly specialized for pheromone detection; snakes use it to taste the air |
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Term
| what is the sense of taste? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F the taste buds are receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F some fish taste with their skin? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F the duck billed platypus tastes with the skin of its bill? |
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Definition
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Term
| About how many taste buds do we have? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sweet, salty, sour, bitter & unami |
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Term
| Taste goes hand in hand with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| mechanoreceptors respond to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Merkel's disks provide what information? |
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Definition
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Term
| Meissner's corpuscles provide what type of information? |
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Definition
| they provide information on changes |
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Term
| Ruffini's endings provide information about what? |
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Definition
| vibrating stimuli of low frequencies |
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Term
| Pacinian corpuscles provide information about what? |
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Definition
| vibrating stimuli of higher frequencies |
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Term
| Where are mechanoreceptors found? |
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Definition
| in muscles, tendons, & ligaments |
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Term
| What are the mechanoreceptors found in skeletal muscle called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are modified cells that are embedded in connective tissue in muscles & innervated by sensory neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are Golgi tendon organs located, & what is their function? |
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Definition
| they are found in tendons & ligaments, thy relax muscles to prevent tearing |
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Term
| the stimuli that animals perceive as sounds are what? |
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Definition
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Term
| the pinnae, auditory canal, middle ear, & inner ear are a good example of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| the typmanic membrane "ear drum" vibrates in response to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Eustachian tube connects what? |
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Definition
| the oral cavity to the middle ear |
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Term
| what are the 3 bones of the middle ear and to where do they transmit vibrations? |
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Definition
| malleus, incus, & stapes; they transmit vibrations to the oval window |
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Term
| the cochlea of the inner ear has hair cells with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| the hair cells in the vestibular system detect the position & movement of the head - information that is essential for maintaining what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is conduction deafness? |
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Definition
| the loss of function of the typanic membrane or ossicles of the middle ear |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to the inner ear or auditory pathways; overstimulation |
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Term
| hair cells are integral to what? (2) |
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Definition
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Term
| hair cells are sensitive to being what? |
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Definition
| bent (hyperpolarization of depolarization) |
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Term
| hair cells detect what 2 things? and what do they enable you to do? |
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Definition
| hair cells detect gravity & momentum; they enable you to focus on one point and move your head |
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Term
| t/f hair cells are evolutionarily conserved |
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Definition
| true - fish also have them |
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Term
| what is photosensitivity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Rhodopsins are the pigments responsible for what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Rod cells respond to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cone cells respond to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Some invertebrates have eye cups or compound eyes made up of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Vertebrates & Cephalopods evolved image-forming eyes independently |
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Definition
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Term
Identify:
- Cornea
- Iris
- Pupil
- Lenses
- Retina |
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Definition
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