Term
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) |
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Definition
| procedure in which a balloon is passed through a blood vessel into a coronary artery where plaque is formed; inflation of the balloon compresses the plaque against the wall which allows blood to circulate more freely (aka balloon angioplasty) |
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Definition
| procedure to aspirate a sample of the liquid portion of the bone marrow, usually from the ilium, for study |
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Definition
| procedure to obtain a sample of bone marrow, usually from the ilium, for study |
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Term
| digital subtraction angiography (DSA) |
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Definition
| process of digital radiographic imaging of the blood vessels that removes structures not being studied |
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Term
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Definition
| study that uses high-frequency sound waves for detection of blood flow within the vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| study that evaluates cardiac function during physical stress by riding a bike or walking on a treadmill (electrocardiography, echocardiography and nuc med scanning are three types of stress tests performed to measure cardiac function while exercising) |
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Term
| single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
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Definition
| nuc med scan that visualizes the heart from several different angles, producing 3D images used to assess damage to caridac tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| nuc med test used to diagnose coronary artery disease and assess revascularization after coronary artery bypass surgery; thallium is taken up by normal myocardial cells but not in ischemia or infarction |
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Term
| transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) |
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Definition
| ultrasound test that examines cardiac function and structure by using an ultrasound probe placed in the esophagus which provides views of the heart structures |
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Term
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Definition
| diagnostic procedure performed by passing a catheter into the heart through a blood vessel to examine the condition of the heart and surrounding blood vessels (aka coronary angiography) |
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Term
| impedance plethysmography (IPG) |
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Definition
| measures venous flow of the extremities with a plethysmograph to detect clots by measuring changes in blood volume and resistance (impedance) in the vein |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test to measure the amount of C-reactive protein in the blood which, if elevated, indicates inflammation |
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Term
| creatine phosphokinase (CPK) |
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Definition
| blood test used to measure the level of creatine phosphokinase, an enzyme of heart and skeletal muscle released into the blood after muscle injury or death |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test used to measure the amount of homocysteine in the body, an amino acid that, if elevated, may indicate increased risk of cardiovascular disease |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test that measures troponin, a heart muscle enzyme; they are released into the blood roughly 3 hours after necrosis of heart muscle and may remain elevated for 7-10 days |
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Term
| complete blood count (CBC) and differential cound (Diff) |
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Definition
| lab test for basic blood screening that measures various aspects of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test to measure the volume of erythrocytes; used to diagnose and evaluate anemic patients |
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Term
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Definition
| blood test used to determine certain coagulation activity defects and to monitor anticoagulation therapy for patients taking coumadin |
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Term
| activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) |
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Definition
| blood test used to monitor anticoagulation therapy for patients taking heparin |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal vascular sound heard through auscultation, caused by turbulent blood flow through arteries or veins; cardiovascular abnormalities, such as aneurysm, create a distinctive bruit |
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Term
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) |
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Definition
| emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac compressions and artificial ventilation |
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Term
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Definition
| application of an electric shock to the myocardium through the chest wall to restore normal cardiac rhythm |
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Term
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Definition
| escape of blood from the blood vessel into the tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid, quivering, noncoordinated contractions of the atria or ventricles |
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Definition
| excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood |
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Definition
| excessive amount of fats in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| space within a tubular part or organ, such as the space within a blood vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal cardiac sound heard through ausculatation, caused by turbulent blood flow through the heart; short-duration sounds heard in the cardiac region distince from normal heart sounds |
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Definition
| agent or nerve that narrows the blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| agent or nerve that enlarges the blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure used to puncture a vein with a needle to remove blood, instill medication or start an IV infusion |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal or pathologic condition of the blood |
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Definition
| physician who studies and treats allergic conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| exaggereated, life-threatening reaction to a previously encountered antigen such as bee venom, peanuts or latex; symptoms range from mild (hives, sneezing) to severe (drop in bp, blockage of airway)(aka anaphylactic shock) |
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Term
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Definition
| substance produced by lymphocytes that inactivates or destroys antigens (aka immunoglobulins) |
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Term
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Definition
| substance that triggers an immune response when introduced into the body (i.e. toxins, transplant tissue, infectious organisms) |
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Definition
| disease caused by the body's inability to distinguish its own cells from foreign bodies, thus producing antibodies that attack its own tissue (i.e. rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus) |
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Definition
| deficient immune response caused by the immune system dysfunction brought on by disease or immunosuppressive drugs |
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Term
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Definition
| physician who studies and treats immune system disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| process in which some of the white blood cells destroy the invading microorganism and old cells |
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Term
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Definition
| suspension of inactivated microorganisms administered by injection, mouth or nasal spray to prevent diseases by introducing immunity |
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