Term
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Definition
| The process of ensuring accurate lab results |
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| Summarize important features of a group of data |
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Definition
| Sum of the data points divided by the number of data points |
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Definition
| Middle data point in a set |
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Definition
| The most frequent data point in a set |
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Definition
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Definition
| Dispersion; how data is spread around the mean |
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Definition
| Limits of acceptability (confidence limits) |
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Definition
| Way of expressing SD in % |
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| What is CoV good for comparing? |
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Definition
| Tests reported in different units and concentrations |
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Definition
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Definition
| Visual representation of the distribution of values around an established mean |
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| What % of data falls between +/= 1 SD? |
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Definition
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| What % of data falls between +/= 2 SD? |
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Definition
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Term
| What % of data falls between +/= 3 SD? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| CAP requires that every lab either establish or verify reference intervals for any new test |
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Term
| How many volunteers are needed for Establishing a Reference Interval? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many volunteers are needed for Verifying a Reference Interval? |
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Definition
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Term
| When Verifying a Reference Interval, No more than what percent of the tested subjects must fall outside the vendor's limits? |
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Definition
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Term
| When Establishing a Reference Interval, how do you determine the reference interval? |
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Term
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Definition
| How good is a test at detecting or predicting the presence of a disease? |
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Term
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Definition
| proportion of persons with a disease who test positive |
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Term
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Definition
| proportion of persons without the condition who test negative |
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Definition
| Detects any problems with test reproducibility |
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Term
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Definition
2 controls
Run Twice a day
10 Days |
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Term
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Definition
| Often use patient samples spiked with known analyte |
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Term
| Comparison-of-Methods Studies |
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Definition
| Comparing patient results of new method with patient results of out-going method |
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Term
| What are some reasons for changing methods? |
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Definition
| Cost, efficiency, TAT, personnel, safety, disposal, etc. |
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Term
| When performing Comparison-of-Methods Studies what is the recommended # of specimens to run by each method? |
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Definition
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Term
| When performing Comparison-of-Methods Studies, specimens should be run by each method within how many hours of each other? |
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Definition
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Term
| When performing Comparison-of-Methods Studies,it is recommended that you spread the testing out over how many days? |
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Definition
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Term
| With Linear Regression Analysis, Values by the current method are plotted on which axis? |
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Definition
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Term
| With Linear Regression Analysis, Values by the new method are plotted on which axis? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
Linear Regression Analysis - The agreement between the two methods
is estimated from the best straight line between the points |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the Linear Regression Analysis provide? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The lab's system for recognizing errors and to prevent reporting of incorrect patient values |
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Term
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Definition
| Purchased materials that are tested and compared to the manufacturer’s predetermined target ranges |
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Term
| You should have a sufficient quantity of controls to last a minimum of how long? |
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Definition
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Term
| For New Lots, Controls must be analyzed for at least how many days? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A control should fall within the 95% (2SD) Range |
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Term
| QC Charts: Levey-Jennings |
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Definition
| Graphically show the values of a control over time |
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Term
| What are the 3 Types of Analytic Errors |
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Definition
Systematic/Systemic Error
Random Error
Dispersion |
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Term
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Definition
| Wide scattering of control values |
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Term
| Dispersion may be caused by what 2 things? |
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Definition
System failure
Operator error |
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Term
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Definition
| Unexpected error that affects precision |
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Term
| Can Random error be predicted? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 2 causes of Random Error? |
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Definition
Environmental
Operator error |
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Term
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Definition
| Abrupt change in the analytical process |
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Term
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Definition
| Gradual change in the analytical process |
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Term
What is the following considered:
6 or more data points all falling above or all falling below the mean |
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Definition
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Term
What is the following considered:
Data points take either an upward or a downward direction |
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Definition
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Term
| Systematic/Systemic Error |
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Definition
| A factor that causes a constant error, either + or = |
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Term
| What are some causes of Systematic/Systemic Error |
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Definition
Poorly made standards or reagents
Failing instrumentation
Deteriorating reagents
Improper blanking
Poorly written procedure |
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Term
| Which type of Analytic Error Affects all samples in the run? |
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Definition
| Systematic/Systemic Error |
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Term
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Definition
| What to do when a control is out of range. |
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Term
| What is Westgard Rules based on? |
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Definition
| @ Least 2 controls per run |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1 control value falls outside +/= 3SD (random error) |
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Term
| Which 2 Westgard Rules are Random Error |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 2 consecutive values fall outside +/= 2 SD on the same side of X |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 control is >+2SD, the other is >-2SD |
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Term
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Definition
| 4 Consecutive values that fall outside +/= 1 SD on the same side of X |
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Term
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Definition
| 10 Consecutive values that fall on one side of the mean |
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Term
| Which 3 Westgard Rules are Systemic Errors? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A patient's most recent test result is compared with a previous test result |
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Term
| What does Delta Check Detect? |
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Definition
| Mislabeling, test errors, contamination, or a change in patient |
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Term
| What is it called when there is External Quality Control? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Designed to detect testing errors in a lab. Your lab results are graded and compared to all other participants in the program |
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Term
True or False:
Proficiency Testing is required to maintain accreditation with TJC, CLIA, & CAP |
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Definition
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Term
| What do Discrepant results require? |
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Definition
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Term
| If discrepancies aren't fixed, what can happen? |
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Definition
| The lab may lose the authority to perform patient testing to the analyte in question |
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Term
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Definition
| A program designed to develop new, improved levels of performance |
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Term
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Definition
| An idea designed to eliminate non-value adding steps; |
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Term
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Definition
| An idea designed to reduce variation |
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Term
| Which Quality Improvement is used to Reduce Cycle Time? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Quality Improvement is used to Reduce Error? |
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Definition
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