Term
| What is Immunochemistry based on? |
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Definition
| Binding of ABY to AGN for detection on an analyte |
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Term
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Definition
| substance capable of inducing the formation of an antibody |
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Term
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Definition
| protein molecule that combines with a specific antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| substance of interest in the patient's serum, plasma or urine |
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Term
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Definition
| Ab that binds to the patient Ag or Ab |
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Term
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Definition
| allows for measurement of the end-product of the patient-reagent reaction |
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Term
| Define Substrate or Developer |
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Definition
added to produce an end-product
(ex. color) |
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Term
What is the Label or "Tag" for the following:
RIA |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Label or "Tag" for the following:
EIA |
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Definition
Horseradish peroxidase,
Alkaline phosphatase,
Other enzymes |
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Term
What is the Label or "Tag" for the following:
Chemiluminescence |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Label or "Tag" for the following:
Fluorescence Immunoassay |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Detection method for the following:
RIA |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Detection method for the following:
EIA |
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Definition
Photometer,
fluorometer,
luminometer |
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Term
What is the Detection method for the following:
Chemiluminescence |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Detection method for the following:
Fluorescence Immunoassay |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Principle/Advantage of/for the following:
EIA |
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Definition
Enzymes amplify the amount of product generated; product may be color/UV, fluorescence or chemiluminescence.
Long shelf-life; stable, easy to
detect |
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Term
What is the Principle/Advantage of/for the following:
Chemiluminescence |
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Definition
Products release light energy;
high sensitivity |
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Term
What is the Principle/Advantage of/for the following:
Fluorescence Immunoassay |
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Definition
| Molecules absorb E at one wavelength and emit E at another; high specificity |
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Term
| Competitive Binding Reactions |
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Definition
| Patient analyte (AGN) and labeled AGN compete for a limited number of binding sites on a reagent ABY |
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Term
| Noncompetitive-Binding Reactions - “Sandwich” Technique |
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Definition
-Patient antigen is allowed to bind to an excess amount of immobilized reagent antibody
-A second labeled antibody
then binds to Ag-Ab complexes |
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Term
Define the following separation technique:
Homogeneous |
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Definition
| No separation of free or bound labeled reagents is required |
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Term
Define the following separation technique:
Heterogeneous |
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Definition
| Separate step "wash" is required to physically separate the bound labeled reagent from the free labeled AGN before measurement can be performed |
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Term
| How can Heterogeneous Separation be achieved? |
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Definition
Adsoprtion
Precipitation
Buffer Wash
etc. |
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Term
| Indirect ELISA is used for detecting unknown _____? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
Direct ELISA - enzyme-tagged AGN & patient AGN compete for sites on an ABY |
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Definition
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Term
| Do you perform a washing step in Direct ELISA? |
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Definition
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Term
| The amount of product in Direct ELISA is ______ _______ to the amount of patient AGN preset |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Direct ELISA used to measure? |
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Definition
| Drugs, hormones, proteins, markers, etc. |
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Term
| Is Direct ELISA Homogeneous or Heterogeneous? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Chemiluminescent Assays |
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Definition
| Chemical reaction in which an unstable product is formed; when it reverts to ground energy state, it releases energy in the form of visible photos on light |
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Term
| Name 2 labels that are commonly used for Chemiluminescent Assays |
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Definition
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Term
| Chemiluminescent Assay - The # of photons is directly proportional to what? |
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Definition
| The level of patient analyte |
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Term
| What does EMIT stand for? |
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Definition
| Enzyme-Multiplied Immunoassay Technique |
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Term
| What does FPIA stand for? |
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Definition
| Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay |
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Term
| Is EMIT homogeneous or heterogeneous? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is EMIT competitive or non-competitive? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is FPIA homogeneous or heterogeneous? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is FPIA competitive or non-competitive? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is ELISA competitive or non-competitive? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is ELISA homogeneous or heterogeneous? |
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Definition
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Term
| With EMIT what is competing for sites on the reagent ABY? |
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Definition
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Term
| EMIT - The Binding of labeled AGN with ABY hinders what? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False:
EMIT - Only free labeled AGN will react with substrate to cause product development |
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Definition
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Term
| EMIT - The amount of product is ______ _____ to the amount of patient AGN present in the test sample |
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Definition
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Term
| FPIA - what is used to excite a fluorescent-tagged AGN? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Change in the degree of polarized light emitted by the label |
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Term
| What happens to polarization with smaller Free Labeled AGNs? |
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Definition
e- do not stay in line with the polarized light source
Polarization is Lost |
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Term
| What happens to polarization with larger Bound labeled AGNs? |
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Definition
Able to rotate
Increased polarized fluorescence is emitted |
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Term
| FPIA - The amount of polarized fluorescent light is ____ _____ to the concentration of patient AGN |
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Definition
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Term
| FPIA - Polarization Increases as Patient AGN _______ |
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Definition
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