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1. Feelings
2. Actions
3. Physiological Arousal
4. Motivation |
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| the aspect of emotion that is private and subjective |
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| the aspect of emotions that are emotional responses such as defending, laughing, etc. |
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the aspect of emotions that correlates with the strength of emotions
Ex: sweating, pupils dilating, etc. |
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| the aspect of emotions that are motivational programs aiming to seek pleasure and avoid pain |
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states that autonomic responses (like stomach churning) are caused by emotions
Perception of stimulus --> emotions --> physiological changes |
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Definition
states that the emotions we feel are caused by bodily changes; emotions differ due to different physiological responses
perception of stimulus --> physiological changes --> emotions felt
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Definition
states that emotions precede physiological responses and help deal with a changing environment
- the cerebral cortex decides on the emotional response and also activates the sympathetic response
perception of stimulus --> emotion and physiological changes |
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Term
| Schachter's Cognitive Theory |
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Definition
physiological responses are interpreted in terms of the stimuli and an emotional state results from the interaction of physiological activation and cognitve interpretation
- all physiological arousal is nonspecific |
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Definition
lie detector; measures bodily responses but is not reliable
- can't tell liars from anxious people |
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Term
1. Joy/sadness
2. Affection/disgust
3. Anger/fear
4. Expectation/surprise |
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Definition
| Eight basic emotions suggested by Plutchik |
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Term
1. Anger
2. Sadness
3. Happiness
4. Fear
5. Disgust
6. Surprise
7. Contempt
8. Embarrassment |
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Definition
| 8 emotions we have distinctive expressions for suggested by Ekman |
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Term
| Superficial Facial Muscles |
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Definition
| muscles that attach to facial skin |
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Definition
| muscles that attach to skeletal structures in the head |
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Term
1. Facial Nerve (VII)
2. Trigeminal Nerve (V) |
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Definition
| 2 cranial nerves that innervate the face |
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Definition
caused by a virus and can cause partial facial paralysis for about 6 months
- Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia also inhibit facial muscles |
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Term
1. Grimace (like fear or surprise)
2. Tense Mouth (like anger)
3. Play Face (like human laugh) |
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Definition
| 3 primate expressions proposed by Redican |
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Definition
| studies how natural selection has shaped behavior |
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Term
| 9 months; some present at birth |
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Definition
| age of all basic emotions present |
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Definition
| Age when self-awareness, embarrassment, empathy, and envy develop |
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Definition
| Age when evaluative emotions such as pride, guilt, regret and shame develop |
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Term
| Individual Response Stereotypy |
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Definition
| the tendency of individuals to have the same response patterns throughout their lives |
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Definition
| infacts who have exceptionally strong reactions; may later have increased phobias or fear responses |
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Definition
refers to animals working to provide electrical stimulation to their brain
- also possible in humans |
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Definition
a tract that rises from the midbrain through the hypothalamus
- contains many sites for self-stimulation |
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Definition
involved in the dopaminergic circuit
- an important target in self-stimulation |
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Definition
a sudden intense rage in dogs with their cortex removed
- suggests that the cortex inhibits rage |
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Definition
| interconnected brain regions within the limbic system |
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Definition
| characterized by emotional changes such as reduction of fear and anxiety, after bilateral amygdala damage |
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Definition
a key structure in the mediation of fear
- located in the temporal lobe |
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Term
| Central Gray (Periaqueductal Gray) Pathway |
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Definition
| evokes emotional behaviors |
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Term
| Lateral Hypothalamus Pathway |
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Definition
| evokes autonomic responses |
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Term
| Bed Nucleus of Stria Terminalis Pathway |
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the hemisphere that discerns other people's emotions
- better at identifying the emotional tone
- the reason the left side of the face is more expressive |
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Definition
| the hemisphere that is better at interpreting the meaning of the message |
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Term
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Definition
| Damage to the left hemisphere causes what? |
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Definition
| damage to the right hemisphere causes what? |
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Term
1. Reacts more quickly and more accurately to visual stimuli
2. Is better at discriminating facial expressions in others
3. Is dominant in expressing emotions |
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Definition
| 3 superior abilities of the right hemisphere |
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Definition
| seen between males of the same species |
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Definition
| seem to increase aggression |
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Term
serotonin
low levels = high aggression |
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Definition
| there is a negative correlation between _____ and aggression |
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Term
| Emotional Dyscontrol Syndrome |
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Definition
| refers to temporal lobe disorders that may underlie some human violence |
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Definition
people incapable of experiencing remorse
- they may commit very violent acts
- prefrontal cortex not as functional |
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Term
1. Alarm Reaction
2. Adaptation Stage
3. Exhaustion Stage |
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Definition
| 3 stages of the stress response |
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Term
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Definition
the initial response to stress
- sympathetic system and release of cortisone |
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Definition
the stage following the initial alarm reaction
- body returning to normal |
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Definition
| the reaction to prolonged stress |
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Term
1. Hypothalamus produces corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
2. CRH causes release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary
3. ACTH leads to cortisol release
4. Growth hormone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine are also released |
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Definition
| 4 steps of alarm reaction response |
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Definition
| the idea that mild stress early in life makes it easier to handle stress later in life |
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Definition
| emphasizes the role of psychological factors in disease |
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| Health Psychology/ Behavioral Medicine |
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Definition
| studies psychological influences on health |
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Definition
| studies the interactions of the immune and nervous system |
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| form in the bone marrow; produce antibodies (immunoglobulins) against foreign molecules |
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| produced in the thymus gland; can act as killer cells |
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Definition
| special cells that secrete cytokines |
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Definition
| proteins that induce cell proliferation in the immune system |
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