Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Exam 4
Cognitive Psychology
15
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
12/03/2013

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Reasoning
Definition

cognitive processes by which people start with info and come to conclusions that go beyond that info

 

Term
Deductive Reasoning
Definition
based on the info we have, we make conclusions that are definitely true
Term
Inductive Reasoning
Definition
based on the info we have, we make conclusions that are probably true
Term

Syllogisms

premises - provide info

conclusion - determines the validity and truth about the conclusion

 

Categorical syllogism

Definition
describe relation between two categories using all, no or some
Term

Validity of Syllogisms

 

depends on the form of the syllogism

Definition
conclusion flows logically from the premises
Term
Truth in Syllogisms
Definition
truth depends on the content of the syllogism
Term

Syllogisms can be...

 

valid but...

 

invalid but...

Definition

not true

 

true

Term
Conditional Syllogisms
Definition

take the form of "if p, then q"

 

p - antecedent

 

q - consequent

Term
people are better at judging valid conditional syllogisms
Definition
Term
Deductive Reasoning
Definition

type of formal logic

 

typically we aren't that great at formal logic unless the problem is states as a real-world problem

 

Wason Four-Card Problem

determine the minimum number of cards to turn over to test statements

Term

Falsification Principle (Wason Four Card Problem)

 

Definition

to test a rule, you must look for situations that falsify the rule

 

most people and scientists fail to do this

Term
Pragmatic Reasoning Schema
Definition
thinking about cause and effect in the world as part of experiencing everyday life
Term
Permission schema
Definition
if A is satisfied, B can be carried out
Term

Inductive Reasoning

 

premises are based on..

 

conclusions are based on...

Definition

observation

 

strength of the arguments

-representativeness of observations

-number of observations

-quality of the evidence

Supporting users have an ad free experience!