Shared Flashcard Set

Details

EXAM 4
n/a
47
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
12/01/2013

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Hermaphrodites

Definition
{A person who possesses both ovarian and testicular tissue
{Is extremely rare
Term

Klinefelter syndrome

Definition
  • an extra X chromosome (XXY) in male
  • may be mildly retarded

 

Term

Turner syndrome

Definition
  • cause by only one X chromosome (XO) in a female
  • at risk for medical complications because their genes are weaker
  • spatial and math difficulties
  • infertility
Term

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Definition
{Genetic male is prenatally insensitive to androgens such that his genitals are not normally masculinized
{Genetic female with partial or complete insensitivity develops typical external organs, but internal organs don’t develop or function normally
Term
Stereotypes
Definition
A fixed, conventional idea about a group of people
Often a distorted generalization
Term

Gender roles

Definition
Complex clusters of expectations for how males and females should behave
Men as initiators, women as gatekeepers
Men make the choices regarding sexual positions and techniques
Men as overaroused, women as underaroused
Men more interested in sex than women
Term
Sexism
Definition
The prejudgment that because of her or his sex, a person will possess certain negative traits
Psychologically damaging
Can influence career choice
Education can change traditional sexist attitudes
Term

Sexual orientation

Definition
The direction of one’s romantic interests and sexual attractions
is an enduring personal quality that inclines people to feel romantic or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender
Term

Homosexual

Definition
Erotic attraction to, and preference for developing romantic relationships with, members of the same sex
Term

Heterosexual

Definition
Erotic attraction to, and preference for developing romantic relationships with, members of the other sex
Term

Homophobia

Definition
  • a cluster of negative attitudes and feelings toward gay people, inclduing intolerance, hatred and fear
  • attitudes are more common among traditional males who hold a fundamentalist religious orientation
  • Politically conservative college students are more accepting of negative attitudes toward gay people than are liberal students
Term

Agape

Definition
  • selfless love; a kind of loving that is similar to generosity and charity.
  • wish to shares one's bounty and is epitomized by anonymous donations of money.
  • love least frequently found btween adults in committed relationships
Term

Philia

Definition
friendship love, based on liking and respect, rather than sexual desire. it involves the desire to do and enjoy things with other person and to see him or her when one is lonely or bored.
Term

Eros

Definition
the kind of love that is closest in meaning to modern day concept of passion
Term
stroge
Definition
loving attachment and nonsexual affection; the type of emotion that binds parents to children.
Term

Infatuation

Definition
a state of intense absorption in or focus on another person, which is usually accompanied by sexual desire, elation, and general physiological arousal or excitement; passion.
Term

Consummate love

Definition

intimacy + passion+ commitment

a complete love consisting of all three components an ideal difficult to attain

 

to be that love associated with the “perfect couple

Term

Empty love

Definition
commitment alone (commitment to remain together without intimacy or passion)
Term

Selfless love

Definition
(agape) i would do anything i can to help my lover. my lover's nees and wishes are more important than my own.
Term

Gender identity

Definition
is our psychological awareness or sense of being male or female and its one of the most obvious and important aspects of our self-concept.
Term

Gender assignment

Definition
reflects the child's anatomic sex and usually occurs at birth. the labeling of a newborn as a male or female
Term

Cryptorchidism

Definition
the condition defined by undescended testes
Term

SRY gene

Definition

stands for sex determining region Y gene is also connected with sexual differentiation.

involved in anatomic sex determination in humans, leading to formation of the testes.

Term

Sox 9

Definition
gene is what regulates SRY gene
Term

Sex reassignment

Definition

 

Health professionals conduct evaluations

| 2/3rds begin hormone treatments
|Live openly as member of the other sex for extended period of time
|female to male trans. tend to be better adjusted socially before surgery as well.

 

|Most postoperative reports are positive

 

Term
Mullerian inhibiting substance
Definition
a testicular hormone that is secreted during the fetal stage, prevents the mullerian ducts from developing into the female duct system
Term
partial insensitivity sydrome
Definition
  • this happens in 1 in 2000-5000 girls with a single X sex chromosome who lose some X sex chromosomal material
  • girls develop masculinized external genitals and are sometimes raised as boys, sometimes as girls.
Term
complete insensitivity syndrome
Definition
develope typical external genital organs, but their internal reproductive organs do not develop or function normally.
Term

Attraction-similarity hypothesis

Definition
  • the view that people tend to develop romantic relationshps with poeple who are simlar to themselves in factors such as physical attractiveness, cultural background, personality traits, and interest.
  • Exceptions occur when lack of  attractiveness is compensated for by other factors
    Matching can apply to similarity in ethnicity, age, educational level, and religion
Term

Psychological androgyny

Definition
a state characterized by possessioin of both stereotypical masculine traits and stereotypical femine traits.
Term

 

Kinsey’s scale

 

Definition
  • kinsey and his clleagues conceived of a 7 point heteroseual-homosexual continuum that classifies people according to their homosexual behavior and the magnitude of their attraction to memmebers of their own gender. people in category 0, who accounted for most of kinsey's study participants, were considered exclusively heterosexual. people in category 6 were considered exclusively homosexual
  • RatingDescription
    0 Exclusively heterosexual
    1 Predominantly heterosexual, only incidentally homosexual
    2 Predominantly heterosexual, but more than incidentally homosexual
    3 Equally heterosexual and homosexual
    4 Predominantly homosexual, but more than incidentally heterosexual
    5 Predominantly homosexual, only incidentally heterosexual
    6 Exclusively homosexual
    X Non-sexual[3]
Term

ABCDE model

Definition

the view that romantic relationships encompass five stages or phases:

attraction: when two ppl become aware of each other and find one another appealing or enticing.

Factors that increase attraction

Good mood

Physical attractiveness

Similarity in attitudes

Mutual liking

 

building:   Small talk

Superficial conversation

Allows exchange of information

“Name, rank and serial number”

Stresses breadth of topic coverage rather than in-depth discussion

Allows people to explore similarities and attractions

 

continuation: Intimacy

Feelings of closeness and connectedness that are marked by sharing one’s inmost thoughts and feelings

Key ingredient to passionate relationship

Intimate relationships involve trust, caring, and acceptance

Can be emotionally intimate without being sexually intimate

 

deterioration: Factors that can lead to the dissolution of a relationship include

Boredom

Negative evaluation of partner

Forgetting or ignoring important dates

Perceived inequity in the relationship

General dissatisfaction

Jealousy

 

termination (ending) Reasons for ending relationships

Partners find little satisfaction in the affiliation

Barriers to leaving the relationship are low

Alternative partners are available

Problems in communication exist

Jealousy

 

Term
Commitment
Definition
  • men tend to be more reluctant than woman to make commitments.
Term

Gender nonconformity

Definition
  • not behaving in a way that is consistent with the gender role sterotype associated with one's anatomic sex in a given culture.
  • begins in childhood

 

Term

Monozygotic twins and homosexuality

Definition

52% of identical (MZ) twin pairs were found to be concordant ( in agreement) for a gay male sexual orientation, as compared with 22% of fraternal twins and only 11% of adoptive brothers.

the twins greater concordance for a gay sexual orientation may at least in part reflect environmental factors.

Term

Psychoanalytic and homosexuality

Definition
  • Gay male or lesbian sexual orientation results from unsuccessful resolution of the Oedipus complex (for boys) and Electra complex (for girls)
    Unresolved castration anxiety plays a role in gay male sexual orientation
Term

Sexual differentiation

Definition

the process by which males and females develop distinct reproductive anatomy.

 

Term
Wolffian duct
Definition
Term
Androgens in sex development
Definition

male hormones.

without androgens, we would all develop female external reproductive organs.

the most important androgen is testosterone.

small amounts of androgens are produced in female fetuses, but they are not normally sufficent to cause male sexual differentiation.

Term
Cognitive, physical, emotional differences between males and females
Definition
– Cognitive differences include males being better at visual/spatial tasks whereas women are better at verbal tasks. The emotional differences from men to women are that men are more assertive and women are extraverted and nurturing. Physical differences include the sex-drive, aggression, and the way they communicate; men are generally more aggressive and dominant than females. Females live an average of seven more years than males.
Term
2003 law in Texas (deviant sexual behavior)
Definition
Reversed a Texas law against deviate sexual intercourse, stating that it “demeans the lives of homosexual persons”
Term
Gay male personality traits
Definition
Gay males tend to be more feminine, begin feeling more sensitive as children, and have been reported feeling different as very young children.
Term
male attrative perferences
Definition
Men prefer women to be somewhat heavier than women believe
Men seek partners with
Youth, attractiveness, cooking ability, frugality
 
Men are valued as providers
Factors such as reliability, income indicate
stability
Term
female attractiveness perferences
Definition
Women are valued for reproductive potential
Youth and physical attraction may be markers
Women seek partners with
Intelligence, stability, vocation status, earning potential, expressiveness, kindness, consideration, dependability, fondness for children
Women prefer men to be somewhat leaner than men believe
Term

Attributes of a healthy committed relationship (Sternberg)

Definition
  • intimacy:
    Feelings of closeness, bondedness, and connectedness
    Desire to share one’s innermost thoughts with the other
    Desire to give and receive emotional support
  • passion:
    Intense romantic or sexual desire for another person, which is accompanied by physiological arousal
  • commitment:
    Commitment to maintain the relationship despite potential hardships
Term
Sternbergs Triangular Model of Love
Definition
  • Nonlove-
    All components of love are absent
  • Liking
  • intimacy is present
  • passioin and commitment are absent
  • friendship love
  • infatuation
  • love at first sight
  • passion is present
  • intimacy and commitment are absent
  • empty
  • commitment is present
  • passion and intimacy are absent
  • romantic
  •  
Term
stonewalling
Definition

when you walk away from a argument to aviod confrontation with the other person.

is a refusal to communicate or cooperate

Supporting users have an ad free experience!