Term
|
Definition
| K maximum number of individuals of a population that can be supported in a particular habitat over a sustained period of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fast reproductive cycle, lots of eggs, outcompete species for resources, and virtually no predation |
|
|
Term
| Logistic population growth |
|
Definition
| G=N*r (K-n/K), growth of population up to maximum level |
|
|
Term
| Density dependence factors |
|
Definition
competition for resources, predation, and parasites
Fecundity: fruitful, declines at high population density |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
one predator kills and eats one prey item
Going on all around us, so adaptation that reduce predation are under strong selection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of individuals in a population of one species, living in the same place at the same time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all the individuals of all the different species, living in the same place at the same time |
|
|
Term
| Evolutionary effects of Competition |
|
Definition
| changes in traits (genetic) which reduces competition evolutionary divergence as result of selection imposed by competitor, character displacement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one species is better when in competition with another species |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
species fitness is in the same, special case, outcome is unclear
Niche: the set of resources and conditions that a species needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the set of resources and conditions that a species needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an alkyloid, “discourages” poor dispersers and directs seed dispersal to favorable sites for survival |
|
|
Term
| Evolutionary effects of consumption |
|
Definition
| predation is a strong selective pressure on both prey and predation to increase fitness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a kind of reciprocal parasitism; that is, each partner is out to do the best it can by obtaining what it needs from its mutualist at the lowest possible cost to itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a predator (herbivor) eats plant tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| predator that spends a significant portion of its life attached to or within a single host organism, which it ultimately kills and often consumes in the process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a predator eats a piece of its host; does not kill the host |
|
|
Term
| Constitutive or “standing” defenses against predators |
|
Definition
| always present, easy to mobilize |
|
|
Term
| Inducible defenses against predators |
|
Definition
| not always present, signal causes them to be produced |
|
|
Term
| Ecological linkages between wild chillies and its species which they interact |
|
Definition
| predation fungus, mutualism birds, predation mice, competition non pungent hackberry, commensalism germinate under hackberry |
|
|
Term
| Why are species interactions important to ecology and evolution |
|
Definition
| limit size and distribution of the actions, species act as selective agents on each other (forming trends), differences between communities tell us about importance of ecology |
|
|
Term
| The competitive exclusion principle |
|
Definition
| when two species compete for the same resources within an environment, one of them will eventually outcompete and displace the other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chthalamus, above and below tide level, niche of a species in absence of competitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chthalmus, only above tide level, niche can be occupied in presence of competitors |
|
|
Term
| Ecological effects of consumption |
|
Definition
| predation affect population sizes of prey and predator “N” |
|
|
Term
| Inter (different) Specific Competition ecological outcome |
|
Definition
| limits population sizes of either species (potential) can affect distribution of one or both species |
|
|
Term
| Inter Specific competition evolutionary outcome |
|
Definition
| niche differentiation, character displacement (natural selection) |
|
|
Term
| Intra specific competition ecological outcome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intra specific competition evolutionary outcome |
|
Definition
| adapt through natural selection |
|
|
Term
| Ecological effects of mutualism |
|
Definition
| enhance population of both species |
|
|
Term
| Evolutionary effects of mutualism |
|
Definition
| strong selection on both partners |
|
|
