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EXAM 3
CH302 Laude
37
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
05/02/2012

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Term
alkali metals
Definition
form basic hydrides and oxides
Term
alkali earths - calcium
Definition
bone, concrete, tooth enamel, chalk, limestone
Term
aluminum
Definition
most abundant compound in elemental form in the earths crust and the most common element in the metallic form paper, ruby, sapphire, topaz
Term
nitrogen compounds
Definition
ammonia (the useful form of N that plants love), phosphates (useful form of P that plants love); the source of elemental nitrogen is in the air (75% of earth's atmosphere); relying on bolts of lightning to react with the elemental nitrogen; to rely on bacteria that fix nitrogen (organic farmers); to produce manufacture ammonia using the Naber process
Term
sulfuric acid
Definition
h2so4 is the most commonly produced compund in the world
Term
properties of F
Definition
smallest atoms and ions, largest electronegativites, largest ionization energies, elemental form is a very reactive oxidizing agent, compounds that just have to add a single electron to be happy, second thing you think of when you make a salt
Term
processes we need to know
Definition
haber, ostwald, bayer, contact, hall
Term
haber
Definition
produces nh3, ammonia, which fertilizes the earth
Term
ostwald
Definition
HNO3 is nitric acid, not only one of the strong acids, but like sulfuric acid, a really fine oxidizing agent, it is made in vast quantities commercially using the Ostwald process in an 8-electron oxidation process

4NH3 + 5O2 >> 4NO + 6H2O
@NO + O2 >> 2NO2
Term
bayer
Definition
aluminum is mined as bauxite an impire aluminum exide and turned into alumina Al2O3 by this process
Term
contact
Definition
Term
hall
Definition
inexpensive way to produce aluminum.
4Al(+3) + 6O(-2) + 3C >> 4Al + 3CO2
Term
most commonly manufactured chemicals in order (5)
Definition

sulfuric acid

ammonia

phosphoric acid

sodium hydroxide

chlorine

Term
famous gems
Definition
Onyx, Emerald, Ruby, Sapphire, Topaz
Term
onyx
Definition
silicas SiO2
Term
emerald
Definition
beryllium oxide and Cr(+3)
Term
ruby
Definition
aluminum oxide and Cr(+3)
Term
sapphire
Definition
aluminum oxide and Fe(+3) and Ti(+4)
Term
topaz
Definition
aluminum oxide and Fe(+3)
Term
famous process that links monomers
Definition
deydration
Term
1
Definition
meth
Term
2
Definition
eth
Term
3
Definition
prop
Term
4
Definition
but
Term
5
Definition
pent
Term
6
Definition
hex
Term
7
Definition
hept
Term
8
Definition
oct
Term
9
Definition
non
Term
10
Definition
dec
Term
11
Definition
undec
Term
12
Definition
dodec
Term
double bonds are more reactive
Definition
Term
the two essential fatty acids you must eat to survive
Definition
linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid
Term
OH on sugar makes sticky
Definition
Term
what makes up dna and rna?
Definition
sugar + base + phosphate
Term
science fiction in the carbon group
Definition
silica "people talk about reading sci fi on silica based life forms"
soda-line glass-made from metls of SiO2 and sodium oxide and calcium oxide
borosilicates (pyrex) - formed from melts of SiO2 with B2O3
silicas: amethyst, agate and onxy
silicates: asbestos
aluminosilicates: mica
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