Term
| Genetic programming that underlies fixed action patterns ensures that.... |
|
Definition
| such activities are performed correctly |
|
|
Term
| What are some types of sign stimuli? |
|
Definition
| Physical features, gestures, chemical signals (pheromones) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 sign stimuli releasers? |
|
Definition
| Auditory, Behavioral, Chemical, Visual |
|
|
Term
| What is intersexual selection? |
|
Definition
| Females choose males based upon elaborate ornaments or male behaviors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One male; several females--female parental care |
|
|
Term
| What is intrasexual competition? |
|
Definition
| Males or Females compete against one another (Male vs. Male or Female vs. Female) for territory or access to the opposite sex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the graving for sexual gratification driven by androgens and estrogens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| euphoria/mood swings driven by dopamine and norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long term commitment to a partner, driven by oxytocin and vasopressin |
|
|
Term
| When love fades, high levels of oxytocin and vasopressin interfere with _____ and _____. |
|
Definition
| dopamine and norepinephrine |
|
|
Term
| [When love fades] ...elevated testosterone levels can suppress ______ and ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Men with high levels of testosterone tend to marry _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most men know by the ____ date if they want to be exclusive or not |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the operational sex ratio? |
|
Definition
| the ratio of sexually receptive males to sexually receptive females [biased towards males] |
|
|
Term
| What does polyandry mean? |
|
Definition
| One female; several males--male parental care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when males are larger than females, there tends to be more competition with other males (elephant seals) |
|
|
Term
| What are males typically looking for in a mate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are females typically looking for in a mate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a polygyny relationship, the _______ have the burden of parental care |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a polyandry relationship, the ______ have the burden of parental care |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a monogamous relationship, the ________ have the burden of parental care |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of r-selection? |
|
Definition
| Unpredictable environment conditions; high growth rate if food is available; large # of eggs; minimal parental care [sea turtles] |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of k-selection? |
|
Definition
| small number of eggs available; maximum parental care; large egg strategy; long-term investment; high survival rate |
|
|
Term
| What does the mate assistance hypothesis state? |
|
Definition
| Without the male to provide parental care, the young will not survive with only female parental care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A change in behavior resulting from experience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Loss of a response to a stimulus after repeated exposure
(One of the simplest forms of learning) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Learning that is irreversible and limited to a sensitive period of time in an animal's life; often results in a strong bond between new offspring and parents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Behavioral changes resulting from a link between a behavior and a reward or punishment; trial and error learning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| learning by observing and mimicking others |
|
|
Term
| Problem solving is ______. |
|
Definition
| Inventive behavior that arises in response to a new situation |
|
|
Term
| A dominance hierarchy is _____. |
|
Definition
| the ranking of individuals based on social interactions (maintained by agonistic behaviors) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the number of children that a woman gives birth to, regardless if those children make it to child bearing age |
|
|
Term
| What is siblicide? Give an example from the animal kingdom |
|
Definition
| 1 or more siblings fighting against the rest to determine the strongest [Pelicans] |
|
|
Term
| What is male infanticide? [give an example from animal kingdom] |
|
Definition
| males kill offspring that are not their own to mate with the female and spread his DNA [lions, tomcats] |
|
|
Term
| What is female infanticide? [animal kingdom example] |
|
Definition
| Females kill offspring that are not their own, in order to mate with the male and spread her DNA [jacana mating group] |
|
|
Term
| Why do Coots peck at their offspring when they beg for food? |
|
Definition
| they test their offspring to see which ones are the strongest |
|
|
Term
| What is believed to be the reason that children with autism have difficulty with social skills? |
|
Definition
| they have broken mirror neurons |
|
|
Term
| What are some species that passed the mirror test? |
|
Definition
| humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, dolphins, elephants |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 components of love? |
|
Definition
| intimacy, passion, commitment |
|
|
Term
| What are the "excitement carriers" that lead us to fall in love? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do mirror neurons do and what emotion do they help us feel? |
|
Definition
| they help us feel empathy because they cannot really tell the difference between seeing and doing |
|
|
Term
| What are 2 problem solving strategies and 2 tools that chimpanzees use? |
|
Definition
Problem solving--"divide and conquer" and "trial and error"
Tools--stick for fishing out termites; spear for hunting |
|
|
Term
| What is genetic programming? |
|
Definition
| innate behavior you are born with |
|
|
Term
| What are environmental experiences? |
|
Definition
| learned through lifetime from the environment one lives in |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cue in animals or humans environment that triggers a FAP |
|
|
Term
| What are fixed action patterns? |
|
Definition
| action performed in response to sign stimuli |
|
|
Term
| True or False: The cuckoo chick has a parasitic relationship with its foster mother |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: FAPs cannot be modified by experience |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: Sexual FAPs are critical for reproductive success |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 components of FAPs? |
|
Definition
| Sign Stimuli, Drive, Motor Programs, Programmed Learning |
|
|
Term
| What are some strategies used by males to attract females in intersexual selection relationships? |
|
Definition
Appearance--sexual dicromatism (Peacocks)
Performance--bird songs |
|
|
Term
| Captured food gifts [give an example from the animal kingdom that uses this behavior] |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Produced Food Gifts [give an example from the animal kingdom that uses this behavior] |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sexual Cannibalism [give an example from the animal kingdom that uses this behavior] |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sexual Suicide [give an example from the animal kingdom that uses this behavior] |
|
Definition
| red-back spider, black widow spider |
|
|
Term
| True or False: Choice of mate occurs in the sex w/higher parental investment (usually females) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: Men choose mates based on status and need to know that their partner can provide for them both economically and emotionally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often do men and women think about sex? |
|
Definition
Men-every 54 seconds
Women-once a day |
|
|
Term
| What is the most valued quality in a spouse worldwide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the Tee Tee Monkey video, what does the male do? |
|
Definition
| He sticks around to carry the babies because the females are not strong to carry the babies when they are climbing from tree to tree |
|
|
Term
| Chimpanzees show _____ sexual behavior; while Bonobos show ______ sexual behavior. |
|
Definition
Chimps--violent
Bonobos--peaceful |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 different types of learning? |
|
Definition
| Habituation, Imprinting, Association, Imitation, Problem Solving |
|
|
Term
| How did wolves evolve into tame dogs? |
|
Definition
| They ate off human waste and did not run away when humans came around. They are tamer through breeding |
|
|
Term
| Anole lizards turn what color when they become dominant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sudden movements, snarls, clenched fists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| leaning, pointing, displaying oneself, gazing, copying the other person |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arms crossed, legs crossed, looking down, hiding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Position above others, handshake, touching, motion, exaggeration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relaxed clothing, parallel legs, moving arms |
|
Definition
|
|
