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Exam 3
Cardiovascular 1
21
Physiology
Undergraduate 3
11/10/2014

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Cards

Term
What are the major cardiovascular functions and what do they do?
Definition

*Delivery- delivers oxygen

*Removal- removes CO2

*Transport- transports hormones from one area to another

*Maintenance- maintains pH and temperature

*Prevention

Term
Does the thickness of the myocardium vary?
Definition
Yes it varies directly with stress placed on chamber walls
Term
Which is the most powerful chamber?
Definition
The left ventricle is the most powerful and thus the largest
Term
Does exercise affect the left ventrice size?
Definition
Yes, vigorous exericse increases left ventricle size
Term
What do intercolated disks do?
Definition
The allow impulses to travel quickly in cardiac muscle and allow it to act as one large muscle fiber; all fibers contract together
Term
Does the heart generate its own action potentials?
Definition
Yes
Term
What is the pacemaker of the heart?
Definition
The SA node-- determines what the heart rate will be
Term
What does the PNS do in terms of controlling the heart?
Definition
The PNS acts through the vagus nerve to decrease heart rate and force of contraction
Term
What does the SNS do in terms of controlling the heart?
Definition
SNS is stimulated by stress to increase heart rate and force of contraction
Term
What do epinephrine and norepinephrine do in terms of controlling the heart?
Definition
They are released due to sympathetic stimulation which increases heart rate
Term
What is the resting heart rate in adults?
Definition
between 60 and 85 beats per minute
Term
What can extended endurance training do to resting heart rate?
Definition
It can lower it to 35 beats or less. This lower heart rate is thought to be due to decreased intrinsic heart rate and increased parasympathetic stimulation
Term
What is resting heart rate below 60 bpm?
Definition
Bradycardia
Term
What is resting heart rate above 100 bpm?
Definition
Tachycardia
Term
What are PVCs?
Definition
They are premature ventricular contractions-- feel like skipped or extra beats
Term
What is ventricular tachycardia?
Definition
Three or more consecutive PVCs that can lead to ventricular fibrillation in which contraction of the ventricular tissue is uncoordinated
Term
When does PVC contract?
Definition
It contracts when the SA node says to and also when they think they ought to by generating them on their own
Term
What does an ECG do?
Definition
It records the heart's electrical activity and monitors cardiac changes
Term
What is the P wave?
Definition
It is atrial depolarization
Term
What is the QRS complex?
Definition
Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
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