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| People tend to prefer a(n) ________ image of themselves, while their friends prefer a ________ version of them. |
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| The presence of many bystanders at the scene of an emergency increases the likelihood that any individual bystander will |
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Definition
| fail to interpret the incident as an emergency |
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| The concept of a superordinate goal is best illustrated by |
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Definition
| the intent of management and labor to produce a fuel-efficient automobile that will outsell any car on the market. |
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| If two countries are rivals for the exclusive control of the same area of land, their predicament best illustrates |
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| After the Greenway family accepted their neighbor's invitation to Thanksgiving dinner, Mrs. Greenway felt obligated to invite the neighbors to Christmas dinner. Mrs. Greenway's sense of obligation most likely resulted from |
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Definition
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| A situation in which the individual pursuit of self-interest leads to collective destruction is known as |
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Definition
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| Our first impressions of those we meet are most likely to be determined by their |
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Definition
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Term
| A win-win orientation is one that seeks ________ of conflict |
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Definition
| mutually beneficial resolutions |
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Term
| Adherence to the reciprocity norm is most relevant to the utility of |
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Definition
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| A gradual escalation of intimacy is most positively related to a gradual escalation of |
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Definition
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| Orville thinks his girlfriend derives more benefits from their relationship than he does, even though he contributes more to the relationship. Orville most clearly believes that their relationship lacks |
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Definition
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| While driving his girlfriend to work, Nate narrowly avoided a collision with another vehicle. Moments later, he experienced an unusually warm glow of affection for his girlfriend. His romantic reaction is best explained in terms of |
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Definition
| the two-factor theory of emotion |
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Term
| An increased liking for an unfamiliar stimulus following repeated experience with it is known as |
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Definition
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| Olivia, a 21-year-old university student, is quiet, relaxed, reflective, and politically liberal. Research suggests that she would most likely become a good friend of |
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Definition
| Philip, who is reflective and quiet |
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Term
| Altruism is best described as |
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Definition
| behaving unselfishly to enhance the welfare of others |
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| In investigating the impact of physical arousal on passionate love, researchers arranged for an attractive woman to briefly interact with men who had recently |
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Definition
| crossed a swaying footbridge |
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Term
| The distorted perceptions that enemies often have of each other are called mirror-image perceptions because they are |
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Definition
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Term
| In 1963, President John F. Kennedy announced to the then Soviet Union that the United States would discontinue all atmospheric nuclear tests. The Soviet's positive response to this conciliatory gesture illustrated the potential value of |
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Definition
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Term
| Mrs. Crane frequently thinks she has to shout at her husband to get his attention, but he thinks she yells because she's angry. Mr. Crane typically feels he has to shout back at his wife to defend himself, but she thinks his screaming |
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Definition
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| Melissa regularly donates blood to an international blood bank simply because she believes she ought to help anyone with a medical need for a blood transfusion. Melissa's altruism best illustrates the impact of |
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Definition
| the social-responsibility norm |
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Term
| The Plattsville blood bank is desperately in need of blood donors. Which of the following students would most likely contribute to the blood bank, if asked? |
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Definition
| Ardyce, who has just fallen head-over-heels in love |
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Term
| When Armen first heard the hit song “Lose Yourself,” he wasn't at all sure he liked it. The more often he heard it played, however, the more he enjoyed it. Armen's reaction illustrates |
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Definition
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Term
| As Arlette walks through a shopping mall, she happens to pass an older woman who is sitting on a bench, clutching her arm, and moaning in pain. The presence of many other shoppers in the mall will most likely increase the probability that Arlette will |
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Definition
| fail to notice the older woman's problem |
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Term
| In most desegregated schools, ethnic groups resegregate themselves in the lunchrooms. People in each group often think they would welcome more contact with the other group, but they assume that the other group does not reciprocate the wish. This pattern of thinking best illustrates |
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Definition
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Term
| Research on physical attractiveness indicates that men are more likely than women to |
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Definition
| judge members of the opposite sex as more attractive if they have a youthful appearance |
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Term
| Initially prejudiced heterosexuals are likely to develop more accepting attitudes toward homosexuals following the experience of |
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Definition
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Term
| Liking those who share and validate our attitudes is best explained in terms of |
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Definition
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Term
| Mrs. Pinheiro fell on a busy city sidewalk and broke her leg. Although hundreds of pedestrians saw her lying on the ground, most failed to recognize that she was in need of medical assistance. Their oversight best illustrates one of the dynamics involved in |
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Definition
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Term
| The two-factor theory of emotion specifically suggests that passionate love can be facilitated by |
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Definition
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| Katya donated money to a religious charity in order to boost her own feelings of self-esteem. Jennifer failed to contribute to the same charity because she was fearful of running out of money. Differences in their behavior are best explained in terms of |
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Definition
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Term
| People's physical attractiveness is a good predictor of their |
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Definition
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| People tend to like the letters of their own name better than other letters. This is best explained in terms of |
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Definition
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Term
| Equity and self-disclosure are important to the development of |
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Definition
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Term
| An observer is likely to express greater liking for a same-sex stranger if that person's image has some distinctive features of the observer's own face. This best illustrates the impact of |
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Definition
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Term
| A sincere word of apology often helps to reduce the tension between two conflicting parties. This best illustrates the value of |
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Definition
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Term
| We are likely to prefer as friends those who are similar to us in |
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Definition
**any of these areas
intelligence
age
attitudes |
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Term
| Simple “non-zero-sum games” have been used in laboratory settings to study |
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Definition
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Term
| The success of interracial cooperative learning in classroom settings best illustrates the value of ________ for reducing racial conflict |
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Definition
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Term
| Observers watching videos of speed-dating encounters can detect a man's level of romantic interest ________ accurately than a woman's. If women at a speed-dating event stay seated while the men circulate, men wish for future contact with ________ of their speed dates than do women. |
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Definition
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Term
| The country of Superlia increased the size of its military force because its leaders inappropriately anticipated that their rival, the country of Piropia, would do the same. The Piropians subsequently felt it was necessary to respond to the Superlian military buildup with a military expansion of their own. The Piropian response best illustrates the danger of |
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Definition
| self-fulfilling prophecies |
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Term
| The mere exposure effect most directly contributes to the positive relationship between ________ and liking |
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Definition
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Term
| The tragic murder of Kitty Genovese outside her New York apartment stimulated social-psychology research on |
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Definition
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Term
| As passionate love matures into a calm and steady companionate love, the bonding of two partners is most likely to be facilitated by |
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Definition
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Term
| Two friends quarreled over possession of a single orange without realizing that one of them simply wanted orange juice and the other simply wanted the orange peel to make a cake. This classic episode best illustrates that people sometimes fail to recognize |
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Definition
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Term
| The social-responsibility norm refers to the expectation that people should |
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Definition
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Term
| Compared with others, strikingly attractive people make a ________ favorable impression on potential employers, and they are ________ likely to perceive praise for their work as sincere. |
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Definition
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Term
| A perceived incompatibility of your class learning goals and the goals of your class instructor best illustrates |
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Definition
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Term
| Two social norms that influence altruistic behavior are |
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Definition
| reciprocity and social-responsibility |
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Term
| Diffusion of responsibility often plays an important role in the |
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Definition
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Term
| Superordinate goals refer to |
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Definition
| shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation |
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Term
| Research on physical attractiveness indicates that babies prefer _________ over ___________ faces. |
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Definition
| attractive ; unattractive |
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Term
| After their country was ravaged by a series of earthquakes, two bitterly antagonistic political groups set aside their differences and worked cooperatively on effective disaster relief. This cooperation best illustrates the importance of |
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Definition
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